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大學(xué)英語四級考試翻譯練習(xí)題
引導(dǎo)語：應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)整理了一些翻譯練習(xí)題，希望能夠幫助到你。
翻譯練習(xí)題一
1.原文
《論語》
《論語》(The Analects of Confucius)是儒家的經(jīng)典著作之一，它是對孔子及其弟子(disciple)的言行和對話的記錄。眾所周知，孔子是一位偉大的思想家和哲學(xué)家，他的思想被發(fā)展成了的儒家哲學(xué)體系�！墩撜Z》是儒家思想的代表作，數(shù)個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，《論語》一直極大地影響著中國人的哲學(xué)觀和道德觀，它也影響著其他亞洲國家人民的哲學(xué)觀和道德觀。
2.參考譯文
The Analects of Confucius
The Analects of Confucius is one of the Confucius classics and is a record of the words and acts of Confucius and his disciples, as well as the conversations they held. It's well-known that Confucius is a great ideologist and philosopher, and his thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. The Analects of Confucius is a representative work of Confucianism. For centuries, it has been heavily influencing the philosophy and moral outlook of Chinese people and that of the people of other Asian countries as well.
翻譯練習(xí)題二
1.原文
中國制造
中國公司想創(chuàng)造世界品牌，外國公司想增加在中國的銷量，這些都正改變著中國的設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國制造商意識到，若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國公司也開始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品拿到中國來賣，而現(xiàn)在，中國消費(fèi)者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。
2.參考譯文
Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.
若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。
分析:
這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個(gè)詞語可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。
翻譯練習(xí)題三
1.原文
西湖：
西湖位于杭州市中心的西部，是江南三大名湖之一。由于西湖的緣故，杭州自古就被譽(yù)為“人間天堂”。西湖就像鑲嵌(inlay)在廣袤大地上的一顆璀璨的明珠，以其秀麗的風(fēng)景、聞名的古跡、燦爛的文化和豐富的特產(chǎn)而聞名。宋代大文豪蘇軾在西湖留下了“欲把西湖比西子，淡妝濃抹總相宜”的千古絕唱;白娘子的傳奇故事(The Legend ofWhite Snake)也給西湖增添了一層神秘色彩。
2.參考譯文
The West Lake
The West Lake, located in the western area of Hangzhou's center, is one of the top three lakes in the regions south of the Yangtze River. Because of it, Hangzhou has been acclaimed as"a heaven on earth" since ancient times. The West Lake is like a shining pearl inlaid on the vast land, renowned for its beautiful scenery, well-known historical sites, brilliant culture, and plentiful local specialties. The literary giant Su Shi in Song Dynasty left a poetic masterpiece through the ages there: The West Lake is like the beauty Xi Shi, who is always charming with either light or heavy make-up (rainy or shiny). The Legend of White Snake also brings the West Lake an air of mystery.
翻譯練習(xí)題四
1.原文
長城：
長城(the Great wall)又被稱作“萬里長城”，不僅是中華文明的瑰寶，也是中國古代人民智慧的結(jié)晶。長城是世界文化遺產(chǎn)(world cultural heritage)之一，更是中華民族的象征。其在建筑上的價(jià)值，足以與其在歷史和戰(zhàn)略上的重要性相媲美。長城現(xiàn)存的遺址有很多處，其中北京的八達(dá)嶺長城是馳名中外的景區(qū)，也是明代長城最具代表性的一段，每年都會(huì)接待來自世界各地的許多游客。
2.參考譯文
The Great Wall
The Great Wall, which is also called “wan li chang cheng" in Chinese language, is not only the treasure of Chinese civilization, but also the masterpiece made by the ancient Chinese people. The Great Wall is not only one of the world cultural heritages, but the symbol of the Chinese nation. Its architectural value is comparable to its historical and strategic importance.
Among the numerous remains of the Great Wall, Badaling in Beijing is the most popular destination that has won fame both at home and abroad. It can also be regarded as the most representative section of the Wall ever constructed during the Ming Dynasty. Every year it attracts many tourists from all over the world.
翻譯練習(xí)題五
1.原文
傳統(tǒng)美
對于一名女子來說，傳統(tǒng)美是她的唯一標(biāo)志。她的皮膚應(yīng)該天生麗質(zhì)，沒有皺紋，沒有疤痕，沒有瑕疵。她的身材應(yīng)該消瘦苗條，通常高挑個(gè)，雙腿修長，其中青春年少則是首要條件。所有在電視廣告中出現(xiàn)的“花容月貌”的靚女都符合這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這種形象是認(rèn)為的，是可以人工塑造的。許多婦女盡其所能來擺布和修改自己的容貌體態(tài)。
2.參考譯文
To a woman,the traditional beauty is her only mark.Her skin should be born smooth without wrinkles,scars or flaws.Her body should be slim and thin,and usually she is tall,having long legs.The youth is the primary condition.All of the beauties who have showed up in the TV commercials are fit for that criterion.This image is artificial and can be made by people.Many women do their best to decorate and modify their looks and figures.
她的皮膚應(yīng)該天生麗質(zhì)，沒有皺紋，沒有疤痕，沒有瑕疵。
分析:
本句中的“皺紋”，“疤痕”，“瑕疵”應(yīng)選擇意思最接近的英語詞匯，可以譯為wrinkle,scar,flaw。
翻譯練習(xí)題六
1.原文
生活的藝術(shù)
在中國，人們對一切藝術(shù)的藝術(shù)，即生活的藝術(shù)，懂得很多。一個(gè)較為年輕的文明國家可能會(huì)致力于進(jìn)步;然而一個(gè)古老的文明國度，自然在人生的歷程上見多識廣，她所感興趣的自然是如何過好生活。就中國而言，由于有了中國的人文主義精神，把人當(dāng)作一切事物的中心，把人類幸福當(dāng)做知識的終結(jié)，于是，強(qiáng)調(diào)生活的藝術(shù)就是更為自然的事情了。但即使沒有人文主義，一個(gè)古老的文明也一定會(huì)有一個(gè)不同的價(jià)值尺度，只有這樣，它才會(huì)知道什么是“持久的生活樂趣”。任何一個(gè)民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我們的眼里，這個(gè)民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。
2.參考譯文
In China,people know a lot about the art of all arts,namely,the art of life.A comparatively young country will dedicate to the progress;however,an ancient civilized country is experienced and knowledgeable in the life road,and naturally she is interested in how to lead a good life.As to China,it is much more natural to emphasize the art of life because of the humanism spirit of China,taking people as the center of everything and making human being's happiness as the end of knowledge.Even if there is no humanism,an ancient civilization would also have its own value standard,and only in this way would it know what the “lasting life pleasure”is.Any nation,if it does not know how to enjoy life,must be barbaric and uncivilized in our eyes.
人文主義精神
分析:
基本素質(zhì)采分點(diǎn)�？勺g為humanism spirit。
任何一個(gè)民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我們的眼里，這個(gè)民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。
分析:
中文句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較松散，在翻譯成英文時(shí)我們要盡量使句子間有明顯的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。這里“如果…”引導(dǎo)的分句可以作為條件從句前置或內(nèi)嵌在主句中，“任何一個(gè)民族”就可以做主句的主語。
翻譯練習(xí)題七
1.原文
主動(dòng)失業(yè)
截至2005年第三季度，全國勞動(dòng)力市場供求狀況顯示，我國15歲至29歲的青年總體失業(yè)率達(dá)到了9%，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于4.5%的城鎮(zhèn)平均登記失業(yè)率。而在此之中，選擇主動(dòng)失業(yè)的占到了一半以上。
“主動(dòng)放棄就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的原因很多，但這些人都有一個(gè)共性，就是不會(huì)因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)原因餓死。至少在短時(shí)間內(nèi)。”復(fù)旦大學(xué)教授葛劍雄認(rèn)為，社會(huì)發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在，一些青年人的確具備了可以失業(yè)的條件。他們不用像上班族那樣刻板地工作，可是相比之下他們的生活卻格外“富足”。
2.參考譯文
Update to the third quarter of 2005,the supply and demand of the whole nation's labor force market indicated that the overall unemployment rate of our country's youth from the age of 15 to 29 was up to 9%,which was much higher than 4.5% of the average rural area register unemployment rate.Among this group,the number of people actively choosing to be unemployed was more than a half.
“There are many reasons to give up the chance of employment,but those people have a common feature that they do not starve for economic reasons at least in a short period.”The professor Ge Jianxiong of Fudan University thought that some young people indeed had the conditions to be unemployed as the society develops to nowadays.They do not need to work routinely like the office workers,but comparatively their life was extremely “well-off”.
選擇主動(dòng)失業(yè)的占到了一半以上
分析:
“選擇主動(dòng)失業(yè)”翻譯為:“choosing to be unemployed”。
翻譯練習(xí)題八
1.原文
湖泊
湖泊奇妙無比。蒼鷺(Heron)在岸邊緩緩地邁著步子，翠鳥(Kingfisher)和杜鵑換腳著從陽光里飛入樹蔭，火雞模樣的大鳥在枯枝間忙碌，鷹在頭上盤旋。我們毋庸為時(shí)間擔(dān)憂，可以從容地欣賞周圍的一切。我乘坐的獨(dú)木舟船頭坐著個(gè)男孩，他用簡陋的彈弓(sling)發(fā)射石彈擊打飛鳥。他擺出漂亮的架勢瞄準(zhǔn)飛鳥，卻一次又一次地偏離目標(biāo)：鳥總是飛出他的射程。他把彈弓塞回進(jìn)襯衣內(nèi)。我移開目光。
湖水與河水都如熱帶雨林中的樹葉那樣乳濁：那水是面紗，是窗簾，是畫屏。
2.參考譯文
This lake was amazing and wonderful.Herons plodded along the shores,Kingfishers and cuckoos clattered from sunlight to shade,great turkeylike birds fussed in dead branches,and hawks hovered above us.There was all the time in the world.And we could appreciate everything surrounding by leisurely.The boy in the bow of my canoe slapped stones at birds with a simple sling,a rubber thong and leather pad.He aimed brilliantly at moving targets,missed again and again;the birds were out of his range.He stuffed his sling back in his shirt.Then I looked away.
The lake and river waters were as opaque as rainforest leaves;the water was veil,blind,painted screen.
蒼鷺(Heron)在岸邊緩緩地邁著步子，翠鳥(Kingfisher)和杜鵑換腳著從陽光里飛入樹蔭，火雞模樣的大鳥在枯枝間忙碌，鷹在頭上盤旋。
分析:
這個(gè)句子中描繪的五種動(dòng)物動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞是翻譯重點(diǎn)，要選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯。另外杜鵑，鷹為常用鳥的名字，譯為cuckoo,hawk。
翻譯練習(xí)題九
1.原文
地域菜系
中國一個(gè)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個(gè)民族都有其獨(dú)特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風(fēng)俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長處。
2.參考譯文
China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points。
翻譯練習(xí)題十
1.原文
出境旅游
聯(lián)合國下屬機(jī)構(gòu)世界旅游組織(World Tourism Organization)公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國游客對全球旅游業(yè)的貢獻(xiàn)最大。中國人去年花在出境游上的支出膨脹至1020億美元，同2011年相比增長了40%。聯(lián)合國世界旅游組織在其網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布的一份聲明中說，這一增幅令中國迅速超越德國和美國。后兩者在之前是出境游支出最高的兩個(gè)國家。2012年德美兩國出境旅游支出均同比增長6%，約840億美元。
2.參考譯文
The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S. — the former No. 1 and No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website。
翻譯練習(xí)題十一
1.原文
京劇
京劇(Beijing Opera)是中國的國粹。作為一門古老的藝術(shù)，京劇的服裝(costume)、臉譜(facial mask)更易被人喜愛。不同的服裝 類型反映不同的人物身份特征。富貴者的服裝綴滿精美的刺繡;窮困 者的服裝則簡單樸素，少有裝飾(elemental)。臉譜是京劇中塑造人物 形象的重要手段，它是用不同的顏色在臉上勾畫出來的。臉譜的顏 色讓人一看便知角色(portray)的善惡。比如白色代表奸詐(treachery)， 黑色代表正直不阿，黃色是驍勇，藍(lán)、綠色多用于綠林好漢(rebellious fighters)，金、銀色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。
2.參考譯文
Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a tradi?tional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.
翻譯練習(xí)題十二
1.原文
臘八節(jié)
臘八節(jié)(the Laba Festival)在農(nóng)歷最后一個(gè)月的第八天慶祝，標(biāo)志著春節(jié)慶祝 活動(dòng)的開始。“臘”指“臘月(the 12th lunar month)”，是農(nóng)歷第十二個(gè)月，“八”指的 是數(shù)字8。臘八節(jié)通常在1月中旬。大多數(shù)漢族人遵循臘八節(jié)喝臘八粥(Laba rice porridge)的習(xí)俗。臘八粥最早在宋朝傳入中國。據(jù)史料記載，一些大型寺廟會(huì)為窮人提供臘八粥來表達(dá)對佛祖(Buddha)的虔誠。明朝時(shí)，臘八粥成為皇帝在此節(jié)日賞賜群臣的神圣食物。
2.參考譯文
Laba Festival is celebrated on the eighth day of the last lunar month, marking the beginning of celebrating the Chinese Spring Festival. La means the 12th lunar month and ba means the number eight. The date usually falls in mid-January. The majority of people from Han nationality has followed the tradition of eating Laba rice porridge on the Laba Festival. Laba rice porridge was first introduced to China in the Song Dynasty. According to historical records, some large temples would offer the poor Laba rice porridge to show their faith to Buddha. In the Ming Dynasty, it became a holy food that emperors would use to award their officials on the festival.
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