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夏丐尊《我之于書》英譯賞析
二十年來,我生活費中至少十分之一二是消耗在書上的。我的房子里比較貴重的東西就是書。下面是小編分享的英譯散文《我之于書》賞析,歡迎大家閱讀!
《我之于書》
Books and I
夏丐尊
Xia Mianzun
二十年來,我生活費中至少十分之一二是消耗在書上的。我的房子里比較貴重的東西就是書。
For twenty years past, books have eaten into at least 10-20 percent of my pocket. Now the only things of some value under my roof, if any, are my books.
要點:
1,轉換主語,是文學翻譯常用的方法,可以使句子更加生動,本句以“書”作為主語,以eat up作為謂語,句式靈活,體現了大師深厚的雙語功底
2,“十分之一二”此處用10-20 percent而不是我們平時說的one tenth
3,Pocket,常用意口袋,也可以作“錢,收入,財力”
4,Under my roof意為 “房間”,對于同一概念或者一個簡單概念采取不同說法也是文學翻譯中常見的
5,If any ,if ever意為“即使有也(極少),若有的話,假如有的話”通常來表示少
我一向沒有對于任何問題作高深研究的野心,因之所買的書范圍較廣,宗教,藝術,文學,社會,哲學,歷史,生物,各方面差不多都有一點。
Since I have never entertained ambition for making a profound study of any subject, the books I have acquired cover almost everything- religion , art, literature, sociology, philosophy, history , biology, etc.
要點:
1,since 開頭,表微弱的因果
2,entertain,常用意“使快樂,招待款待”,此處表“懷有某種想法,希望,看法(常和idea, hope, thought連用),大師此處又是不走尋常路的節奏,一般的咱們可以用“harbor,cherish,owe”~
3,研究一般都用study~“研究某個事物或課題=make study of sth”,“做高深研究”make a profound study of…
4,此處重點說一下cover的用法,大眾意思在此不做贅述,翻譯中常見的比較小眾的意思有“包括,涉及(本文采用的就是這個意思)”“占地,范圍為”“足夠,足以支付”,此外還有一個常見詞coverage,長得很像對不對~這個coverage 君是名詞,也可以作“新聞報道”講,最常見的意思是“覆蓋范圍”,比如我們常說的“覆蓋率”就是coverage rate.
最多的是各國文學名著的譯本,與本國古來的詩文集,別的門類只是些概論等類的入門書而已。
Most of them are Chinese translations of literary works by famous foreign writers and anthologies of Chinese poetry and prose through the ages. The rest, often called an outline or introduction, are merely on rudiments of various subjects.
要點:
1,文學名著“literary works/masterpiece”literary(文學的,精通文學的), literacy(一般強調讀寫能力) ,前者是形容詞而后者是名詞,注意不要弄混。
2,Through the ages意為“歷來,古往今來”.eg, Through the ages, the structural skill and artistic style of Zhaozhou Brige are widely used as a reference point.(千百年來,趙州橋的結構技巧、藝術風格被廣泛地借鑒運用)
我不喜歡向別人或圖書館借書。借來的書,在我好像過不來癮似的,必要是自己買的才滿足。
I never care to borrow books from other people or a library. It seems that books bought can better satisfy my bibliomania than books borrowed.
要點:
1,care to “喜歡”,不要再用like了, be fond of 稍微好一些~
2,“過不來癮”就是“不能滿足我的藏書癖”,此句翻譯時將兩句融合,譯為一個比較句,簡潔流暢,值得學習。之前我們也講過把兩句合并合并,整理成一句來譯的例子,大家可以對比學習,關鍵是要抓住分句間的邏輯關系。
這也可謂是一種占有的欲望。買到了幾冊新書,一冊一冊地加蓋藏書印記,我最感到快悅的是這時候。
You may also attribute this to some sort of desire for personal possessions. Whenever I have some new acquisitions, it always gives me great pleasure and satisfaction to stamp my ex-libris on them one-by-one.
要點:
1,“可謂是…”用了attribute to(歸因于),此處轉換了主語,這在翻譯中,也很常見,在下一篇會重點談到
2,“買到了幾冊新書,一冊一冊地加蓋藏書印記,我最感到快悅的是這時候”句中動詞較多,遇到這種情況時,首先找主要動詞,將不主要的動詞降級譯為從句或非謂語,或者是介詞短語。本句“感到快悅”是主角(主要動詞),其他的“買”“加蓋”都是跑龍套的阿貓阿狗~
3,“使某人產生某種感情”這里用give引出,大家和上一篇的“generate in sb a feeling/sensation of…”一起記
4,Acquisition 原意為“獲得,購得物”在此指代“書籍”,正如之前說的,翻譯中常用不同說法來指代同一事物
書籍到了我的手里,我的習慣是先看序文,次看目錄。頁數不多的往往立刻通讀,篇幅大的,只把正文任擇一二章節略加翻閱,就插在書架上。除小說外,我少有全體讀完的大部的書,只憑了購入當時的記憶,知道某冊書是何種性質,其中大概有些什么可取的材料而已。
As soon as a new book comes to hand, I always read the preface first and then the table of contents. If it happens to be a thin one, I often finish it at one sitting. Otherwise, I often browse through one or two chapters or sections before putting it onto my bookshelf. I seldom read a thick book from cover to cover unless it is a novel. By dint of the first impression it made on me at the time of buying, I have a rough idea of what a book is about and what useful materials init are available to me.
要點:
1,at one sitting=at a sitting,譯為“一口氣”
, 2,browse through=go through,其他小伙伴還有glance over, scan, skim through 等,平時多積累,用起來才游刃有余
3,By dint of sth意思是“憑借,靠,借助”eg. By dint of raising its economic growth rate from 6% to 8% a year, it has attracted vast attention.(憑借其6%-8%的年經濟增長率,他引起了廣泛的關注),又是一個高級用法,所謂的文學性,也體現在考究的用詞上。
4,have no/little idea of sth表示“不知道某事,對某事知之甚少”,這種用法廣泛出現在文學翻譯中,童鞋們不要再know來know去啦,此處的have a rough idea of意為“大概知道…”用在這里很貼切~
什么書在什么時候再去讀再去翻,連我自己也無把握,完全要看一個時期的興趣。關于這事,我常自比為古時的皇帝,而把插在架上的書籍諸列屋而居的宮女。
But I have little idea which book is to be read or looked over again at what time. It is completely subject to the whims of the moment. This often prompts me to liken myself and the books on my shelf respectively to an ancient emperor and his concubines housed separately in a row of adjoining rooms.
要點:
1, 又見have little idea~分析見上文
2, Look over 表示“過目”,可以和上面的browse through (瀏覽)一起記憶,還是對于同一詞的不同說法
3, Subject to 意為“受制于…,以…為條件,以…為準”,個人感覺比depend/rely on 更為貼切
4, Whims意為“忽起的念頭,奇想”,常用于詞組at the whim of sb(由著某人性子)
5, Prompt“激起,促使,導致”,又是一個可以替換make的高級詞匯
6, “把…比作”用liken sth to sth,這句話又是兩個分句譯為一句,原因是結構相似
7, “列屋而居”= housed separately in a row of adjoining rooms.此處將house 用作動詞的方法也可以借鑒
我雖愛買書,而對于書卻不甚愛惜。讀書的時候,常在書上把我所認為要緊的處所標出。線裝書大概用筆加圈,洋裝書竟用紅鉛筆劃粗粗的線。經我看過的書,統體干凈的很少。
Much as I loved books, I take little care of them. In doing my reading , I often mark out what I regard as important in a book. If it is a thread-bound Chinese book, I use a writing brush to draw small circles as markings. Otherwise, I use a red pencil to draw heavy underlines. Consequently, the books I have read are rarely clean.
要點:.
1, as 引導的倒裝句表讓步,表“雖然”,as這個詞在翻譯中很常見,一般譯為“隨著,當…時,正如”等,翻譯時,要具體問題具體分析。
2, “不甚愛惜”譯為take little care of sth,“不甚知曉,知之甚少”=have little idea of sth,看到規律了嗎~
3, 除了as, when,用介詞in來翻譯“…時”,也值得我們學習
4, Otherwise, consequently都是為了行文流暢增譯關聯詞,前面提到過
5, “經我看過的書,統體干凈的很少”=“我看過的書,很少是干凈的”,
據說,任何愛吃糖果的人,只要叫他到糖果鋪中去做事,見了糖果就會生厭。自我入書店以后,對于書的貪念也已消除了不少了,可是仍不免要故態復萌,想買這種,想買那種。這大概因為糖果要用嘴去吃,擺存毫無意義,而書則可以買了不看,任其只管插在架上的緣故吧。
It is said that those who have a great liking for candies will sicken to see them when later they happen to work in a candy store. Likewise, ever since I began to work in a bookstore, my obsession with books has been very much on the decline. Nevertheless, I still cannot help slipping back into the same old rut, eager to buy this or that book. This is probably because candies are to be eaten with the mouth and not worth keeping as knick knacks while books can be bought without being read and just left on a shelf.
要點:
1, 又一個表示“喜歡”的詞粗線了~have a great liking for sth,此處的liking為名詞,意思是“喜好,愛好”,此外還有一個常見的兄弟have a great tooth for sth,意思是“愛吃…”(相信就算不說各位吃貨也能猜個八九不離十~\(≧▽≦)/~
2, “只要叫他到糖果鋪中去做事,見了糖果就會生厭”大家看,是不是有淡淡的條件句的味道?有時when也可以表示微弱的因果。
3, slip back into(退回,重新回到) the same old rut(車轍)=故態復萌,和它意思差不多的有個“重蹈覆轍”通常用“repeat the same mistake”表示。
4, “買這買那”=buy this and that,“跑東跑西”=going here and there
5, “to be eaten with the mouth”=“用嘴去吃”,一般“用…去…”都可以譯為被動句
6, “而書則可以買了不看,任其只管插在架上的緣故吧”兩個分句的主語一致,考慮譯為一句,使行文更加精簡
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