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      1. 小升初英語知識點

        時間:2023-02-12 12:04:35 小升初 我要投稿

        小升初英語必備知識點

          1現在進行時

        小升初英語必備知識點

          表示正在發生的事情或進行的動作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結構是主語+be動詞(am, is, are)+動詞ing.

          如:It is raining now.

          外面正在下雨

          It is six oclock now.

          現在6點了

          My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.

          我父母正在客廳看報紙

          Look! The children are having a running race now.

          看!孩子們正在賽跑

          問句將be動詞移前,否定句在be動詞后+not.

          2一般現在時

          表示經常反復發生的事情或動作,常與often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等詞連用。

          結構是主語+動詞原形;當主語為第三人稱單數即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時,動詞后加s或es.

          如:We have an English lesson every day.

          我們每天都要上英語課

          Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.

          男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的

          問句借助于do, does否定句借助于dont, doesnt,后面動詞一定要還原。

          3一般過去時

          表示發生在過去的事情或存在的狀態,常與just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用。

          結構是主語+be動詞的過去式(was; were)或主語+動詞的過去式。

          注意:be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。

          如:My earphones were on the ground just now.

          我的耳機剛剛還在呢。

          Where were you last week? I was at a camp.

          你上個星期去哪了?我去野營了

          What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm

          你昨天去干嘛了?我去參觀農場了。

          問句有be動詞將be動詞移前,沒有be動詞借助于did,后面動詞還原;

          否定句有be動詞在后面加not,沒有借助于didnt后面動詞還原。

          4一般將來時

          表示將要打算發生的事情或動作,常與tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等詞連用。結構是主語+be(am, is, are) going to + 動原或主語+will +動原。

          如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.

          你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。

          The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.

          孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。

          Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.

          Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。

          問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will后加not.

          5情態動詞

          can; can should; shouldn must; may后一定加動詞原形。

          如:The girl cant swim, but he can skate.

          女孩不會游泳,但是會滑冰

          Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.

          不要再課上說話,你應該認真聽老師講。

          6祈使句

          肯定祈使句以動詞原形開頭;否定祈使句以dont加動詞原形開頭。

          如:Open the box for me ,please.

          請為我打開盒子。

          Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.

          劉濤,明天請早點起床!

          Dont walk on the grass!

          不要在草地上走!

          Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.

          海倫!不要爬樹。

          7go的用法

          去干嘛用go +動詞ing

          如: go swimming; go fishing;

          go skating;

          go camping;

          go running;

          go skiing;

          go rowing

          8比較

          than 前用比較級;asas之間用原級。

          如:My mother is two years younger than my father.

          我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。

          Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.

          劉濤跳得和本一樣遠。

          9喜歡做某事

          用like +動詞ing或like+ to + 動原。

          如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.

          蘇陽喜歡種花。

          The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.

          孩子們喜歡在春節去玩花燈。

          10想要做某事

          用 would like +to+動原或want + to +動原。

          例:Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum

          11some

          用于肯定句中,在否定句和問句中改為any,但當表示委婉語氣時仍用

          如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?

          12代詞

          人稱代詞主格做主語用一般放在句首或動詞前,主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。

          賓格做賓語用,一般放在動詞或介詞后

          如:Open them for me. Let us , join me等。

          賓格分別是me you him her it us you them。

          形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前,不能單獨使用,分別是my your his her its our your their

          名詞性物主代詞相當于形物加名詞,它只能單獨使用后面不好加名詞,分別是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。

          13介詞

          介詞后要么不加動詞,加動詞只能加動詞ing形式

          如:be good at running;

          do well in jumping;

          14時間介詞

          季節前,月份前用介詞in

          如:in summer;in March

          具體的哪一天如星期幾,幾月幾日用介詞on

          如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning

          在幾點鐘前用介詞at

          如: at a quarter to four;

          只在上下午晚上用in

          如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

          但在夜間用at night。

          另:季節,月份和星期前不好加the.

          15名詞復數構成的方法

          有規則的有:

          (1)直接在名詞后加s

          如orangeoranges; photophotos;

          (2) 以x, s, sh, ch 結尾的加es

          如:boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watchwatches;peach--peaches

          (3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es

          如:studystudies;librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;

          (4)以f, fe結尾的改f, fe 為v+es如:knifeknives; thiefthieves(注:以o結尾的我們學過的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其余加s,)

          不規則的有:

          man womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren

          16動詞第三人稱單數的構成

          (1)直接在動詞后加s

          如:run dancedances

          (2)以s,sh,ch,o結尾的加es

          如:dogowashwashes;catchcatches

          (3)以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es

          如:studystudies; carrycarries;

          17現在分詞的構成

          (1)直接在動詞后加ing

          如:singsinging; skiskiing;

          (2)雙寫詞尾加ing

          如:swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;

          (3)以不發音的e結尾的去e加ing

          如:rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;

          18規則動詞過去式的構成

          (1)直接在動詞后加ed

          如:cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;

          (2)以e結尾的直接加d

          如:dancedanced; tastetasted;

          (3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加ed

          如:studystudied;carrycarried;

          (4)雙寫詞尾加ed

          如:stopstopped; jogjogged;

          不規則的有:am,is are do,does have,has go meet sit see get tell run come stealstole; read

          19形容詞副詞比較級的構成

          規則的:

          (1)直接在形容詞或副詞后加er

          如;smallsmaller; lowlower;

          (2)以e結尾的加r

          如:latelarer;

          (3)雙寫詞尾加er

          如:bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;

          (4) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加er

          如:heavyheavier; earlyearlier;

          不規則的有:

          good, wellbetter(最高級為best); many, much--- more(最高級為most);

          far---farther;

          20rain與snow的用法

          (1)作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不可數名詞

          如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。

          (2) 作為動詞意思是下雨和下雪,有四種形式分別是:

          動詞原形rain, snow;

          第三人稱單數rains ,snows;

          現在分詞raining; snowing

          過去式rained; snowed;

          如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。

         、贗t often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天經常下雨。

         、 It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。

          ④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。

          (3)形容詞為rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的

          如:It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經常是有雨的。

          If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我將呆在家里。

          21比較級

          注意只有同類事物才可進行比較。

          如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancys. My brother is stronger than me.

          22have, has

          表示某人有(has用于第三人稱單數);There is/ are;

          There was/ were 表示某地存在有

          注意There be 句型的就近原則

          單數或不可數用there is /was;

          復數用there are/ were.

          23本身就是復數的詞

          眼鏡glasses; 耳機earphones; 鞋shoes;褲子trousers等詞本身是復數。

          如:My glasses were on the chair just now.

          但如果表示這雙,這副,一雙的時候用單數

          如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.

          24五個元音字母:Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;

          25一個的用法

          a用于輔音前不是輔音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。

          如:There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.

          26時間表示法

          有兩種:

         。1)直接讀時鐘和分鐘。

          如6:10讀成 six ten; 7:30讀成seven thirty; 8:45讀成eight forty-five;

          (2)用to與past表示。

          在半小時包括半小時以內用幾分past幾點

          如:6:10讀成ten past six; 7:30讀成half past seven;

          過了半小時用下一個鐘點差幾分

          如7:45讀成a quarter to eight; 9:50讀成ten to ten;

          27基數詞變序數詞的方法

          基變序有規律,結尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,結尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);

          八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigheighth; nineninth; five-- fifth ;twelvetwelfth);

          ty改y為ie后加th別忘記(即整十數如twentytwentieth;fortyfortieth);

          幾十幾十位為基個位為序(如第二十一為twenty-first)。

          另外強調序數詞前一定要加the。

          28日期的表示法

          用the+序數詞+ of +月

          如:三月三日 the third of March;

          12月25日 the 25th of December.

          29both 表示兩者都

          如:My parents are both teachers.

          all表示三者以上都

          如:The students are all very excited.

          30節日的表示法

          有day的節日前用on.

          沒有day的節日前用at,

          如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Years Day.

          31激動興奮的

          excited表示激動的,興奮地主語是人;

          exciting表示令人激動的,令人興奮的主語是事情

          如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.

          賽跑非常令人激動,因此所有的學生都很激動。

          32比較

          兩者比較用比較級,三者以上比較用最高級

          如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does

          誰跑得更快,男孩還是女孩?男孩。

          Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.

          你最喜歡哪個季節?我最喜歡秋天。

          Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.

          你更喜歡哪個季節,夏天還是冬天?我更喜歡冬天。

          33動詞還原的用法

          前面用了do, does did, dont, doesnt didnt后面動詞要還原。

          如:Did she watch TV last night?

          Helen doesnt like taking photos.

          34到了

          到達用get to

          但注意到家,到這兒,到那兒不可以加to

          如:get home; get here; get there,

          另外go home; come here; go there也一樣。

          35長著和穿著

          長著什么用with

          如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;

          穿著什么用in

          如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人

          或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的婦女

          36讓某人做某事

          用let sb后加動詞原形

          如:Lets water the flowers together.

          是該做的時候了用Its time for+名詞或Its time to +動原。

          幫助某人做某事是help sb with sth

          如:幫我學英語是 help me with my English

          37樹上

          外來的東西在樹上用in the tree

          如:the bird in the tree;

          樹上長的用on the tree

          如:the apples on the tree

          38運動和樂器

          球類之前不加the;

          樂器之前必須加the

          如:play the piano; play football

          39一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一個月是January

          40get后加比較級表示變得更怎么樣

          如:get stronger; get longer

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