在家中鼓勵(lì)孩子閱讀的小竅門
想要孩子學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，那么閱讀肯定是必不可少的，而閱讀不僅僅是要在學(xué)校課堂上閱讀，在家里也要多多閱讀，那么如何在家里閱讀呢?下面就和小編一起來(lái)看看吧。
一、Why Reading?
為什么要閱讀?
Reading is “Brain Food”。
閱讀是大腦的“營(yíng)養(yǎng)液”
Our brains develop as we “feed” them with experiences. The experience of reading (whether you’re the reader or the one being read to) activates and “exercises” many of the areas of the brain. The visual cortex works as your eyes track the words on the page and look at the illustrations. Your memory makes connections between what you already know about the topic of the story and its content. You integrate new information learned through reading further strengthening and growing your network of knowledge。
當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷事情時(shí)我們的大腦也會(huì)跟著發(fā)育。閱讀體驗(yàn)(無(wú)論是主動(dòng)閱讀還是被動(dòng)灌輸)我們大腦的各個(gè)區(qū)域都會(huì)被鍛煉到。當(dāng)文字和圖片映入眼簾，視覺(jué)皮質(zhì)便開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。我們的記憶系統(tǒng)將我們已知的內(nèi)容和故事上下文重新聯(lián)系，將我們已學(xué)的知識(shí)聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展構(gòu)建更廣闊的知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，也就是我們所謂的“溫故知新”。
二、Tips to Encourage Reading at Home
在家中鼓勵(lì)孩子閱讀的小竅門
1.Read, read, read!
讀，讀，讀!
Read to your children every day. Make it part of your bedtime routine, an after-dinner activity, or a fun way to spend time together on the couch. Set a good example by letting your children see you read. Show them that reading is a good choice for leisure activity and sure beats watching TV. Talk about the book you're reading. Listening to you summarize your book teaches your children how to take what they've read, absorb it and condense it。
每天堅(jiān)持給孩子讀文章。讓讀書成為你睡前的慣例、晚餐后的娛樂(lè)，亦或是和家人一起窩在沙發(fā)里共度休閑時(shí)光的小樂(lè)趣。讓孩子看到你在閱讀，從而樹立一個(gè)好榜樣。讓他們知道，讀書是比看電視要好得多的休閑方式。與孩子聊聊你所看的書籍，對(duì)閱讀內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概述，使孩子學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)所讀的東西進(jìn)行吸收和精煉。
2.Use pre-reading comprehension techniques。
運(yùn)用“先理解，后閱讀”的方法
Before reading a book, have your child look at the cover and the inside pictures and predict what the story is about。
在正式閱讀一本書之前，讓孩子嘗試通過(guò)看封面以及內(nèi)頁(yè)插圖來(lái)猜猜這本書大致的內(nèi)容。
3.Read books together and discuss。
與孩子一起讀書，共同討論
Read to your children every evening. At the end of each chapter or book, discuss what happened。
Allowing children to retell a story that they read allows them to practice comprehension skills。
每晚堅(jiān)持與孩子一起讀書。在讀到章節(jié)末或全書結(jié)尾時(shí)，和孩子一起討論書里的故事。鼓勵(lì)孩子去復(fù)述所讀內(nèi)容，從而鍛煉他們的理解能力。
4.Make it dramatic!
讓閱讀變得戲劇化!
Try this with your young child: Read a line from a book and have your child repeat it back to you with dramatic expression, inflection and phrasing. Adding emotion and drama to reading only increases interest。
如果孩子年紀(jì)較小，你可以試試這樣做——在你讀完書中的一句話后，讓你的孩子用富有戲劇性的表情和語(yǔ)調(diào)復(fù)述出來(lái)。這種賦予戲劇情感的閱讀能夠極大地激發(fā)孩子的興趣。
5.Provide suitable reading material。
選擇合適的閱讀材料
Provide reading materials at just the right level of difficulty. This means that your child should be able to read 97% or more of the content. Unnecessary frustration only stalls reading progress and discourages children from reading。
選擇難度符合孩子閱讀能力的材料，也就是說(shuō)，確保你的孩子能夠讀懂占全書百分之九十七以上的內(nèi)容。材料的`選擇錯(cuò)誤只會(huì)讓孩子產(chǎn)生挫敗感，從而拖延我們的閱讀進(jìn)程，更會(huì)使孩子的閱讀積極性受到極大打擊。
6.Reading Fun Activities!
Create Reading Rewards
給孩子設(shè)置一定的閱讀獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
After reading a book, ask your child to record the name of the book and when they read it. Offer a reward after your child has read (X) number of books. For example, after Johnny reads (or is read to) 10 times, Johnny wins a trip to the pool or candy from the store。
在讀完一本書后，讓你的孩子記錄下書名和閱讀的時(shí)間。當(dāng)孩子完成一定遍數(shù)的閱讀后，即給予他們一定的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。比如，當(dāng)小強(qiáng)尼讀完(或讀到)第10遍時(shí)，他就能贏得一次去舞會(huì)的機(jī)會(huì)，或者是一袋從商店買來(lái)的美味糖果。
7.Cook or bake with a recipe。
用食譜烹飪或烘焙食物
Find a recipe for something that your children love to eat and make it together. Turn over recipe reading duties to your children and watch them take what they've read and turn it into something delicious。
找一份孩子愛(ài)吃食物的食譜，將念食譜的任務(wù)交給孩子，按照他們所讀內(nèi)容進(jìn)行制作。讓孩子看到他們眼中的文字是如何逐漸變成一道美味佳肴的。
8.Play Hangman。
玩“吊小人”猜詞游戲
The simple word game is a good way to build your child's vocabulary. It only requires a pencil and paper and can easily be played while waiting in waiting rooms or the car. The rules are quite simple. Think of a word or short phrase. Tell your child the number of letters/spaces and answer yes or no as they guess which letters fill in the spaces. When they guess correctly, you must reveal the location(s) of the correct letters in the blanks. If the guess is incorrect, your child must add a body part to the “hangman”. The game ends when all of the blank spaces are filled with letters (child wins)， your child guesses the word/phrase correctly (child wins)， or all of the body parts are on the hangman (child loses). Switch roles and play again!
簡(jiǎn)單的詞語(yǔ)小游戲是幫助孩子積累單詞的有效方法。只需要一支鉛筆和一張白紙就能讓你和孩子在候車或其他無(wú)聊的時(shí)間中獲得無(wú)限樂(lè)趣。游戲規(guī)則很簡(jiǎn)單，想出一個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)，告訴孩子這一詞語(yǔ)有多少字母組成，并讓孩子來(lái)猜。在這一過(guò)程中，出題人只可以回答“是”或“不是”。當(dāng)孩子猜中其中一個(gè)字母，你就要在這一字母出現(xiàn)的所有位置上寫上該字母。如果所猜字母沒(méi)有于該詞語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)，你的孩子便要給被吊起的小人身上添上一筆。游戲會(huì)在以下兩種情況下結(jié)束：所有字母都被準(zhǔn)確填上，或者孩子猜對(duì)了你所想的單詞/詞組(孩子獲勝);另一種情況則是吊頸小人的身體已經(jīng)畫完整(出題人勝)。在完成一輪游戲之后，不妨和你的孩子互換一下角色吧!
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