初中英語基礎(chǔ)語法5數(shù)詞
數(shù)詞
（一）基數(shù)詞 在英語中表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞，初中英語基礎(chǔ)語法5-數(shù)詞。
1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成
�。�1）1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
（2）21-99 先說“幾十”，再說“幾”，中間加連字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
�。�3）101—999先說“幾百”，再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù)；
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
�。�4）l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù)，每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)“,”,第一個(gè)“,”前為thousand.第二個(gè)“,”前為
million,第三個(gè)“,”前為billion（美式）或thousand ,million（英式）,然后一節(jié)一節(jié)地表示。
1,001→one thousand and one
9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion（美式） seven hundred and fifty thousand million（英式）
2.基數(shù)詞的'用法
�。�1）作主語
eg.Four Of them come from Paris.
�。�2）作賓語
eg.一 How many books would you like？
一I would like two.
�。�3）作表語
eg.Seven minus two is five.
�。�4）作定語
eg.There are three people in my family·
�。�5）作同位語
eg. You two will go swimming with us.
�。�6）表具體數(shù)字時(shí),hundred,thousand,million用單數(shù)。
eg. There are six hundred students in our grade.
�。�7）表不確定的數(shù)字時(shí),數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。若帶名詞，再加of hundreds of（數(shù)百,成百上千的）,thousands of（數(shù)干,成千上萬的）,millions of（數(shù)百萬）
eg,They arrived in two sand threes.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋砹恕?/p>
（8）表示“…十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)可以表示人的歲數(shù)或年代。
eg. He is in his early thirties.他有三十來歲（31—34歲）：
This took place in the 1930s.這事發(fā)生在二十世紀(jì)三十年代；
�。�9）表示時(shí)刻
eg.I watch CCTV News at seven o’clock every evening.
（二）序數(shù)詞 在英語中表示順序、次序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞，英語語法《初中英語基礎(chǔ)語法5-數(shù)詞》。
1.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成
（1）一般在基數(shù)詞后加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
�。�2）不規(guī)則變化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve——~twelfih
�。�3）以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù)，變y為ie再加th
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
�。�4）從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個(gè)位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
2.序數(shù)詞的用法
（1）序數(shù)詞作定語時(shí)，一般要與定冠詞或物主代詞連用。
eg.Tom is their second son.
He is the first one to come here.
�。�2）序數(shù)詞有時(shí)可與不定冠詞連用，表示數(shù)量上“又—”,“再一”
eg： He tried a second time.他又試了—次。
Shall l ask him a third time？還要我再問他—次嗎？我已問了他兩次）
�。�3）序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式為：阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加上這個(gè)詞的末尾兩個(gè)字母。
1st 2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd
�。�4表示年、月、日時(shí)，年用基數(shù)詞，日用序數(shù)詞。
2005年8月15日：（英）15,8,2005=15th,August,2005；（美）8,15,2005=August 15th,2005
（三）基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞都可以用來給數(shù)字編號。
No.1（1號）,No.3bus（3路公共汽車）,Room 103,（103號旁間）
The first lesson=Lesson Two（第二課）
（四）分?jǐn)?shù)詞的表達(dá)
分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母加s
eg.1／3-one third；2／5-two fifths
（五）數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算的表達(dá)
eg.3+5=8 Three plus／and five is eight.
9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven.
6x5=30 Five times six is thirty ／six unutilized five is thirty.
8÷2=4 Eight divided by two is four.
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