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2018英語專四語法重點解析
2016專四專八改革,專四語言知識部分總分為20分,題量減了10 題,但分值增加了5分,對專四考生來說是件好事,分值與閱讀理解相等?忌鷤兛梢栽谠~匯、短語語法知識上多多練習爭取不扣分。
從近13年的英語專四真題來 看,我們不難發現英語專業四級的語法與詞匯考題主要是圍繞11項語法要點:從屬分句、非限定動詞、虛擬語氣、情態動詞、限定詞、句子成分、倒裝、動詞時 態、附加成分和強調句型。而考試的重點和難點則集中在考核考生對從屬分句、非限定性動詞、虛擬語氣、情態動詞和動詞時態等語法的應用上。
內容
引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有because(因為), as(由于), since(既然), now(that)(既然), when(既然), seeing (that) (由于,鑒于), considering (that)(考慮到), given (that) (考慮到)等。
一、引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有because,for,in that,for the reason that;as,seeing (that), seeing as;since;now (that); considering (that)等:The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因為洗滌的方法不好而縮水。I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面聲音嘈雜我睡不著。Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我們沒錢,我們不能購買它。Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外邊在下雨,我們最好待在室內。Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然來了,最好還是留下吧(既來之,則安之)!咀ⅰ砍陨咸岬降拇蠹冶容^熟悉的引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞外,when有時也可引導原因狀語從句(when表示“既然”)I won’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想聽,那我就不告訴你了。
二、關于not…because結構該結構中的否定詞有時否定主句,有時否定從句,一般要根據句子的意思作出正確或合乎邏輯的理解。若not否定主句,最好在because之前用逗號,否則會引起歧義,如下句在沒有特定上下文時就有兩種解釋:I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我沒有去是因為怕。/ 我不是因為怕才去的。不過若because之前有just修飾,一般認為not 是否定從句的:You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因為有人說你壞話而生氣。
三、because不能與so連用漢語習慣上說“因為…所以…”,但英語習慣上卻不能將 so與because 連用:因為下雨,所以我們得呆在家里。正:Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.誤:Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.
四、because從句與 because of短語的轉換Because引導的原因狀語從句有時可與because of 短語轉換,because of后加的原因可以為好或壞但最正規的還是because He can’t come because he is ill. / He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能來。I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因為他妻子在那兒,我對此事只字未提。比較:because, since, as和for1) because語勢最強,表示不知道的原因用because,即說話人認為聽話人不知道。因此because從句是全句最重要的部分,通常被放置于主語之后。 當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知,就用as或 since。I didn't go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2)for雖然表示原因,但因語氣比because弱得多,是可說可不說的話,只能位于主句之后。這時,for是并列連詞,如果不是因果關系,而是對前面主語內容加以解釋或推斷時,只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.
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