西方商務文化 Western Business Culture-I

西方商務文化 Western Business Culture-I

In the West, most companies have well-established and identifiable lines of organization. Larger companies have a clear division of corporate and field roles. Responsibility for all activities is well-established according to function.
在西方, 大多數公司都已形成自己的明確的組織體系。較大的公司對于公司總部和總部以外的業務活動也有清晰的劃分。根據不同的職能明確各項職責。

Basically all employees at medium to large-sized Western companies have an official, documented job description. Titles are usually indicative of rank and status. Titles are normally used to describe various positions, but are not used when addressing the person.
在西方的大中型公司，基本上所有的雇員都有一個正式的工作描述檔案。頭銜通常表示級別和身份。頭銜通常用于描述各種職位，但不用來稱呼人。

Basically, all Western employees are covered by an employee contract, from a hamburger flipper to the CEO of a major corporation. All employee contracts are enforceable by law, and both employees and employers can be held liable for any unauthorized violation of a contract. The terms and conditions can vary widely from one company to another, from one profession to another, and from one position to another.
在西方，基本上所有的雇員都受勞動合同的保護，從賣漢堡的到大公司的首席執行官。所有勞動合同都受法律保護，雇員和雇主都要為違反勞動合同的行為負責。合同的條款和規定可以因公司的不同、職業的不同、 職位高低的不同而有所差別。

In the West, clear delineation and classification of job responsibilities are instrumental in creating a strong company culture. Everybody is accountable, from the head of the company down to the lowest-level employee. This approach creates a sense of direction, generates staff cohesion, and enhances morale.
在西方，明確工作性質和工作職責是營造濃厚的、良好的企業文化的基礎。從最高層的領導到最低層的員工，人人樹立責任感。這利于全體員工明確方向，增強員工凝聚力，并鼓舞士氣。

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