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國家不幸詩人幸，話到滄桑句便工—論李煜的詞
摘 要
南唐后主李煜兼有亡國之君和杰出詞人的雙重身份。由于特殊的身份地位和不同常人的生活經歷，李煜的詞基本上擺脫了“花間派”的習氣，不僅在題材內容上有所拓展，而且將真性情自然而然地融入到詞作之中，形成了自己獨特的藝術風格。尤其是降宋之后，1國之君與亡國之奴的兩種身份的巨大落差，使李煜飽嘗了被俘生活的哀痛與艱辛，在內心深處喚起了對過去帝王生活無窮的追憶。痛定思痛，李煜將自己對往昔生活的留戀與親佞遠賢、以致國破家亡的追悔之情，毫無保留地傾泄到詞作之中，成為1代亡國之君的千古絕唱。
本文從李煜人生經歷，即由國君到囚徒的滄桑巨變后，前后期詞作呈現出的不同文學風貌和藝術表達效果，來走近詞人的內心世界，探討其心路歷程，從而實證出這位在政治上軟弱無能的君主，在文學上卻有著非凡的造詣。李煜是南唐詞派的1代宗師，是宋詞的開山之人，他的創作在我國詞史上樹起了1座豐碑。
關鍵詞：李煜；心路歷程；創作流變；真情實感；獨特風格
ABSTRACT
The emperor of South Tang Li Yu had a double－identity: a king who lost his kingdom to his eremy and a great poet. Because of this special identity and particular life experience, he got rid of the style of Hua Jian Stylistic Poetry form his writing. He expanded the contend and the subject that he wanted to write about and use his true emotion to finish his works so that’s why Li Yu formed a special style of his own. When he lost his kingdom to Song Dynasty, the huge change of form a king to a prisoner let Li Yu totally knew the hardships of life. He put all his regretting and the beautiful memory of past life in his poems to express the hopeless from his heart.
This article centers on discussing Li Yu’s inner world and his styles’ differences after he experienced the huge change of his life, to prove that this incapable king had a great contribution on literature. Li Yu is a great emperor of “South Tang Poem” and the creator of “Song Ci”. His works is a landmark in Chinese literary history.
Key words: Li Yu; spirit growth; fluctuation of literature creation; sentiments; exclusive style
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