W֪RcY(ji)e֪RcPc
ٌWİľ֪Rc֪RcnjWcˎҪ֪RcСռĻW֪RcY(ji)e֪RcPcgӭxcղ
W֪RcY(ji)e֪RcPc1
1uǚ
ȥOHMɵһw䌍uһFֻ|(zh)Y(ji)(gu)һxһԭӈFһxxԣuښ
磺C2H5OHеOHux;ЃɂOHҲu֪xOH-ġNaOHMg(OH)2Fe(OH)3Cu2(OH)2CO3еOHxx@К
2Fe3+xSɫ
֪F(xin)eCl3ҺSɫģDzζFe3+Sɫ?Fe3+ĉAFe(OH)3A͏xӽY(ji)ϳɵ}
ˮa(chn)tɫFe(OH)3˝FeCl3ҺǼtɫһȾ@SɫwY(ji)ˮɵFe(OH)3µFe3+
xǵɫĶSɫġFe3+Һ^ˮSɫȥ
3AgOHˮֽ
Ұl(f)F(xin)˶@ôf䌍ܽԱAgOHһ顰Jˮֽ䌍ǵAgOHğ᷀(wn)ԘOҜؾֽܷڏͷ
rõAgOHRϷֽAgOH²ڡˮǛ]P(gun)ϵڵ͜M@ǿԵõAgOH@ɫ
2005-10-39:57:00ѩ
4ԪwǎԪῴHĂ(sh)
Ԫ᾿xقH+ҪY(ji)(gu)жقuuĚDzx灆(H3PO3)ȥHԪ
ĽY(ji)(gu)һHһOքeԭֱB(gu)u(gu)uOHֻЃɂH3PO3ǶԪȻе߀Ҫ]e
·˹H3BO3Ͳɴˁ2005-10-39:57:00ѩ
5ʽ}ҺԆ?
Ͽᡱʽ}ҺȻ䌍Ȼʽ}ʲôҪrӑՓ,x̶ȴˮ̶ȕr,,x̶Сˮ̶
r,tɉA@Ǐʽ}x˴H+xӲˮԏʽ}Һһԡʽ}tҪ^x
H+xˮij̶ˡxӵˮ̶^(NaHCO3,NaHS,Na2HPO4)tҺʉA;^xxH+
^(NaH2PO4,NaHSO3)tҺ
6H2SO4Џ
@ôfͲֻҪǰ߅һ⡱־͌H2SO4ԷʽڣwF(xin)wķH2SO4еS+6õ
ЏԡϡH2SO4(SO42-)Ԏ](BH2SҲ)H2SO3(SO32-)߀ö@ҲwF(xin)˵
rB(ti)ǽٵĺԱȸ߃rB(ti)ďHClOcHClO4ԏ^һӡfH2SO4Џԕr횇֔ǰϡ⡱֡
2005-10-39:57:00ѩ
7}ȻQ
ȥߵĻWʽͬܕa(chn)`}ȻQ䌍}ǻȻˮĻ;ȻǼ߸ͬġȻˮQ}
8ˮĉAǏAyˮĉAA
ijҊďANaOHKOHCa(OH)2ͳҊAFe(OH)3Cu(OH)2ƺˮĉAǏAyˮĉAA
䌍AĉAԏܽȟoP(gun)ˮĉAɄe˰ˮˮҲһAyˮҲһAW^һԪ@һ(ji)Ķ֪V͟
ˮη̪׃tCMg(OH)2AЏAMg(OH)2yܵġ߀AgOHAgĽٻ@ôAgOHһ
ĉA䌍Ȼͨ^yAgNO3ҺpHֵҲɵ֪AgOHҲһЏA2005-10-39:58:00ѩ
9xӷʽr"늽|(zh)һ"늽|(zh)һ
ˮҺĴ_늽|(zh)(yܵij)ˮȫxԿ϶;늽|(zh)ȫx˲ڷˮҺMЕrwϵˮ
ٕrǾҪrڹ෴roՓǏ늽|(zh)߀늽|(zh)oՓ@Č|(zh)ǷxӽQF(xin)ܲ
磺2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+2NH3+2H2O@lʽȫܲ˲܌xӷʽеķʽҪwķ
|(zh)H2SO4CuMܝH2SO4ĝȞ98%߀ˮвַ߀ȫxH+SO42-@lҪ˝
H2SO4ďwF(xin)ԵH2SO4Ԍ|(zh)υӷH2SO4@lH2SO4ܲͬɵ
CuSO4ˮ٣ҲҪԷʽҲܲ(늽|(zh)Ҳвĕr늽|(zh)ֻˮijЩ܄ҲS׃
ˏ늽|(zh)CH3COOHˮО늽|(zh)ҺЅs鏊늽|(zh)Һ܄rCH3COOHӵxӷCH3COOHͿԲ@c
ЌWҪ.)
10ˮܽбȝ
ff͝}ᷴNOClCl2𡣬F(xin)оˮ֮ܽ}дڸߝȵCl-Auλ
[AuCl4]-ĶAu늘O늄Au߀ԭʹAuܱˮܽˮԏ
߽߀ԭԡ
1ɱǹ̑B(ti)CO2Qǹ̑B(ti)ˮ;鮔]l(f)׃ɚB(ti)CO2r]κΡĺEƱʰ
2U\UyӲcU
3ڽU`QҺҾ߽ٹǽ
4yۡXĩyɫ`Q
5ۡ~\Ͻĩ`QϽнSɫٹ`
6ʯ̿ᡱЙCﱽӵQúȡԶ
7ˮyyǹ䳣³ҺB(ti)Ҟyɫ
8^}Ca(H2PO4)2CaSO4ƷQY(ji)(gu)вo^I
9ANa2CO3}ljAˮ⣬ҺʉAˮa(chn)NaOHA
10UDzζжʳã仯WQдU
1lͲͣǶԪ()oɫճζ^Ͷ
12ˮDzNa2SiO3ˮҺoɫճճ(Vz)ֲȼܸg
13l(f)Ტl(f)γɵF(SO3ˮγɵСҺ)
14P䓲ǽ^PҲ}ȏḯgP
15ȩ֬ɱӸȩl(f)s۷ɵĸ߷ӻ(һNQľ)
16ˮˮɝ}31weȻϵһNK'
17廯ﲢзζǏ㾫֬ζ|(zh)аl(f)F(xin)@NԚζ(j)DzƌW䌍|(zh)ٷ廯|(zh)oζ
18ζIJǶǾһNʳƷӄhhеĆǶ;仯WQǶζwSء۵
19XcAҺÓQH2OеH2;Na2O2cˮĻWʽ2Na2O2+H2O=4NaOH+O22Na2O2+4H2O=4NaOH+2H2O+O2߀ԭa(chn)еˮ
20ʹǹHg2Cl2
21~~CuCl23Cu(OH)2AʽȻ~
22AljANa2S9H2OˮҺ@A(ˮ)H2Sɶ
23ijҺмBaCl2Һa(chn)ɫټϡHCIܽҺвһSO42-ҲܺAg+Ba(NO3)2Һa(chn)ɫټϡHNO3ܽ⣬ҺһSO42-ҲܺSO32-
24ijwNH3аןa(chn)һHClHNO3Cl2
25ʯa(chn)늠t(ni)ߜ2500ҕrCCaOϳɶ
26ijwͨʯˮʯˮ׃ᣬԓwһCO2ܞSO2
W֪RcY(ji)e֪RcPc2
һ|(zh)ČWWʽ
Žʯʯīc ˮyhg (3)ʯ}cao (4)ɱ(w̼)co2 (5)}hcl (6)h2so3 (7)h2s (8)ʯʯңca(oh)2 (9)cAAnaoh (10)Ana2co3̼cwAwna2co310h2o (11)̼cʽ̼cnahco3 (ҲСK) (12)đ\{\~wcuso45h2o (13)~Gȸʯcu2(oh)2co3(ֽN|(zh)) (14)״ch3ohжʧ(15)ƾҴc2h5oh (16)ᡢ(16.6)ch3cooh(ch3coo-x)ͨ(17)⣺nh3 (AԚw) (18)ˮһˮϰnh3h2o(鳣ҊĉAЉAͨһNxӵĉA) (19)cnano2 (I(y)}ж)
Ҋ|(zh)ɫĠB(ti)
1ɫwmgop2o5cao naohca(oh)2kclo3kclna2co3nacloˮcuso4;FVyɫ(yɫҺB(ti))
2ɫwʯī̿ۡFcuomno2fe3o4kmno4Ϻɫ
3tɫwcufe2o3 hgotסSɫ cu2(oh)2co3Gɫ
4Һɫcu2+Һ{ɫ;fe2+Һʜ\Gɫ;fe3+ҺSɫҺһ㲻oɫ(iҺϼtɫ)
5(ˮ}͉A)}ɫcaco3baco3() agclbaso4(Ҳϡhno3)ȢډA{ɫcu(oh)2tɫfe(oh)3ɫA
6(1)д̼ԚwĚwnh3so2hcl(Ԟoɫ)
(2)oɫoζĚwo2h2n2co2ch4co()
ע⣺д̼ԚζҺw}ᡣƾwҺw
7жwcoҺwch3ohwnano2 cuso4(,cʯһ{ɫճ|(zh)Һ)
|(zh)ܽ
1}ܽ
k+na+no3+nh4+|(zh)ˮ;Ȼֻagclˮˮ;so42-Ļֻbaso4ˮˮ;co32-|(zh)ֻk2co3na2co3(nh4)2co3ˮˮ
2Aܽ
ˮĉAУ^}cͰˮAˮyԉAfe(oh)3Ǽtɫcu(oh)2{ɫyԉAɫ(fe(oh)2)ע⣺agclbaso4ϡ
ᡣ磺mg(oh)2 caco3 baco3 ag2co3
3ἰˮ(+ˮ)։AﲻˮܵУ^}c(A+ˮA)
W֮
1ؚкĽԪX
2ؚкķǽԪ
3՚к|(zh)ǵ
4ȻӲ|(zh)ǽʯ
5εЙCǼ
6ٻлĽ
7|(zh)Сˮ
8ͬlܶСĚwǚ
9Ľy
10ԭ|(zh)Сԭǚ
11cСĽǹ
12wкԪ
13MɻNԪ̼
14ճБVĽF
15ȻЇ;
16Їú̿ڣɽʡ;
17\Ý~Ї(hl(f)F(xin)[fg(sh)"Ft~" ]γ);
18l(f)F(xin)ӵӢĜķ;
19ó՚n2o2MɵǷa
20εЙCch4
塢лWе""
1(gu)|(zh)N:ԭx
2߀ԭ~õN߀ԭ:һ̼̼
3ȼ(yu)cYԴSl(f)ȼĮa(chn)ˮȾh(hun)
4(gu)ԭһN|(zh)ӡ
5ɫֻNFit
6(gu)|(zh)Ԫؿɷ֞(1)Ԫ(2)ǽԪ(3)ϡКwԪ
7FN仯Wʽ(1)feo(2)fe2o3(3) fe3o4
8Һ(1)һ;(2)(wn);(3)
9Wʽx(1)ʾʲô|(zh)ӷY(ji)ʲô|(zh);(2)ʾ|(zh)ķӻԭӵ(sh);(3)ʾ֮g|(zh)WʽЃɂԭtԿ^(j);ѭ|(zh)غ㶨
10Fһ֞NFҿFīTF
11̼䓿ɷ֞N̼̼䓡̼
12ڟFFVʯN(1)FV(Ҫɷ֞fe2o3);(2)FV(fe3o4);(3)FV(feco3)13䓵ҪO(sh)ND(zhun)t늠tƽt
14cضP(gun)lǣcȼӟߜء
15Һ׃ҺN|(zh)l(f)܄;Һ׃ҺЃɷN(1)(2)܄; (ע⣺ܽSضȶ׃С|(zh)磺}ҺҺ׃Һ܄;Һ׃ҺN|(zh)l(f)܄)
16ռwһNˮſշſշ
17ˮȾҪԭ(1)I(y)a(chn)еďUUUˮ;(2)ˮŷ;(3)r(nng)I(y)a(chn)ʩõr(nng)ˎSˮ
18ͨʹõĜNĭ;ɷۜ;ҺB(ti)̼
19w|(zh)ܽSض׃rɷ֞(1)ֹw|(zh)ܽSضȵ߶;(2)ٔ(sh)|(zh)ܽܜضȵӰ푺С;(3)Oٔ(sh)|(zh)ܽSضȵ߶pС
20co2Ԝԭȼ֧ȼܶȱȿ՚
21|(zh)ɷ֞ن|(zh);ǽن|(zh);ϡКw|(zh)
22ҪVȼǣúʯȻ
23ӛסNɫǣ~iF
24̼|(zh)ƵĻW|(zh)µķ(wn)ȼ߀ԭ
25̲гF(xin)ε{ɫ(1)ҺB(ti)ǵ{ɫ(2)ڿ՚ȼĵ{ɫ桢(3)ڿ՚ȼе{ɫ
26c~ԪP(gun)N{ɫ(1)~w;(2)~;(3)~Һ
27^V""(1)©¶˾o(ni);(2)ĩpڞV̎;(3)ʢ^VҺğ߅oڲ
28wȾso2cono2
29ƾĻ֣֞(ni)ضߡ
30ȡˎƷ""ԭt(1)ֽ|ˎƷ;(2)ѱӜwĚζ;(3)LˎƷζ
31ŴWˇ켈ƻˎ
32I(y)UUˮUU
33(gu)|(zh)Nӣԭx
34ֱӼӟNxԇl(f)(߀ȼ)
35|(zh)غጵԭ׃N׃(sh)Ŀp|(zh)׃
36c՚cȼܱըNwh2coch4 (HκοȼԚwͷۉm)
37ús(W׃)Na(chn)̿út⡣
38ԣˮÓˮԡ
39ʹþƾֹȼȼмӾƾ촵
40ҺƵEӋQ(ȡ)ܽ⡣
41:кǰNԪأoch
42ԭеʽ늺ɔ(sh)=|(zh)Ӕ(sh)=Ӕ(sh)=ԭ(sh)
WE
1ͣ
Ϸ׃һֽⷴһ׃
ÓQһΓQһΏͷֽⷴQx
2ҊԪصĻσr
һrc⛚yr}V~\rXăr;F嵪
3ȡIJE
"()f(b)c(x)Ϣ(Ϩ)"
""zbõĚ"b"ʢbˎƷBb
""ԇ̶ܹF_"c"cȼƾMмӟ
""ռw"x"xˮ
"Ϩ"Ϩƾֹͣӟ
4co߀ԭ~ČE
"һͨc硢ͣ̎"
"һͨ"ͨ⣬"c"cȼƾMмӟ;
""ꮅϨƾ"ͣ"ȵҜؕrֹͣͨ;"̎"̎βֹcoȾh(hun)
5늽ˮČF(xin)
"ؓһ"OųؓOų;cweȞ12
6MɵؚԪأB(yng)|Ů(X)
7ԭcxӼσrγɵP(gun)ϵ
"ʧֵؓ׃"ԭʧӺγxԪصĻσrr;ԭӵӺγxԪصĻσrؓr;ûʧӔ(sh)=늺ɔ(sh)=σr(sh)ֵ
8WE
wһͶQ;K߀ӺһMQ
ҺwʢƿN˺كAx(sh)Ҫcƽҕƫҕ
ιܵμz^ֱҿղƽyϴĪӛ
бPƽ횷ƽδaᘌ;ҷŴaӊAAС;
ԇyҺȼСմҺyԇyȝճڰ*
Ɵӟ֮ޡˮͣעОR
ȲW(wng)ӟᱭƿˮꮅȳܺƟ
9ٻ
ٻɏk ca na mg al zn fe sn pb (h) cu hg ag pt au (b)}cVX\FaU()~yK
10"ʮֽ淨"WʽĿE
"rؓrʮֽs(sh)e"
11^VE
ܟV©һ;^V֮ǰҪoãĪӛ
12еҎ(gu)ɣ
ٷùwӟȡwĶxøio2b(̹̼ӟ);
ùwcҺwҲӟƚwĶxpˮo2b(Һӟ)
ڷǽoԇܹwӟҪAᣬԇܿڶAб
۷ɵĚwyˮ(cˮ)ˮռ
ɵĚwܶȱȿ՚ſ՚ⷨռ
ɵĚwܶȱȿ՚Сſ՚ⷨռ
ܷƚwrҪzbõĚܑ¶Ƥ1-2mlFAAھܿ1/3̎
ݷLi©ƚwrLi©ĩ˹ܿڑҺ
cȼȼԚwrһҪzļȡ
߷ʹжwrһҪ̎β
ෲʹ߀ԭԚw߀ԭrһ"һͨcͣ"
13Ҏ(gu)ɣÓQ
(1)ن|(zh)+}+⣺hǰ
(2)ن|(zh)+}(Һ)һN+һN}ǰú}ܣkcanaС
(3)+ľ̿+̼ˮ
ͷֽⷴ
pQr׃
ɚwˮ
}-}}-A(֮gķ)(ˮ)
Ə(h2co3+cacl2=caco3+2hclܷ)
ىA+}+h2o ډA+}+h2o
+}}+}1+}2}1+}2
}+A}+A
14+}+h2У
ٵ|(zh)ٸᷴųɶٵal>mg>fe>zn
ڵ|(zh)IJͬĽٷ|(zh)ԽСųԽ
۵|(zh)ͬNIJͬٷųĚһӶ
ڽ+}+h2Һ|(zh)׃أ׃p
+}Һ½+}У
ٽٵԭ|(zh)>½ٵԭ|(zh)rҺ|(zh)׃أ׃p
ڽٵԭ|(zh)<½ٵԭ|(zh)rҺ|(zh)׃p׃
15һ׃׃(׃|(zh)ķĻW|(zh)|(zh)׃|(zh)Ǵ)
߀ԭ߀ʧ(ZȡԪص|(zh)߀ԭʧȥԪص|(zh))
16ϴƿsBӣLM̳
ϴƿˮռwBӣML
ϴƿſ՚ռwBӣСtMLܴtLM̳
17sԭtȳˮ
zԭtˮ
W֪RcY(ji)e֪RcPc3
1.ʯˮ̼ͨw(ͷֽⷴ)
Ca(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3+H2O
F(xin)ʯˮɳ׃
P(gun)֪Rc@Áz̼wĴ
òzCaCO3+CO2+H2O=Ca(HCO3)2ʧBa(OH)2Һ
2.Vڿ՚ȼ(Ϸ)
2Mg+O2=2MgO
F(xin)Vڿ՚Єȼşl(f)ҫ۵İ⣬ɰɫĩ
P(gun)֪Rc
(1)@УVԪ؏xB(ti)D(zhun)׃ɻϑB(ti)
(2)|(zh)ɫyɫD(zhun)׃ɰɫ
(3)V
(4)Vlcş٣_Vcûcȼ
(5)Vܻ˱oVVͿһӺɫoĤcȼǰҪɰĥɃ
3.ˮͨ늷ֽ(ֽⷴ)
2H2O=2H2+O2
F(xin)ͨ늺늘OϳF(xin)wweȼs12
P(gun)֪Rc(1)Oa(chn)⣬ؓOa(chn)
(2)weȞ21|(zh)Ȟ18
(3)늽ˮrˮAȼcҺϡˮČԣ(4)Դֱ
4.ʯҺˮ(Ϸ)
CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2
F(xin)ɫĩܽ
P(gun)֪Rc
(1)K@õҺQ}ҺQʯˮ
(2)еoɫ̪̪׃ɼtɫ
(3)ʯ}ʯǚ}
(4)l(f)ğ
5.ȡ
ټӟ⛺ͶiĻ(ֽⷴ)
2KClO3=MnO2()=2KCl+3O2
P(gun)֪Rc
(1)iӿ⛵ķֽٶȻٶ
(2)i|(zh)ͻW|(zh)ڻWǰ]и׃
(3)ȫԇеĚwȻ⛺ͶiĻMзxķǣϴQ
ڼӟi(ֽⷴ)
2KMnO4=K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
P(gun)֪RcԇܿҪi⛷ĩ
^Ͷi(ֽⷴ)
2H2O2=MnO2()=2H2O+O2
֪ͬRc
(1)ſ՚ⷨռrҪ쵽ƿ·ռúҪ
(2)Y(ji)Ҫȳƾˮˮըԇ
(3)ӟrԇҪAбˮըԇ
(4)ˮⷨռҪȵBm(x)ðռ
(5)ÎǵСľlƿMƿЙzǷ
6.ľ̿ڿ՚ȼ(Ϸ)
ȼC+O2=CO2
ȼ2C+O2=2CO
F(xin)ڿ՚аl(f)tаl(f)şһNʹʯˮ׃ğoɫw
P(gun)֪RcĮa(chn)óʯˮMЙz
7.ڿ՚()ȼ(Ϸ)
S+O2=SO2
F(xin)ڿ՚ǰl(f)ĵ{ɫǰl(f){ɫɟoɫд̼Ԛw
P(gun)֪Rc
(1)Įa(chn)ɫʯz(ɫ׃ɼtɫ)
(2)ڼƿײȷˮAҺ(NaOH)ɵĶֹȾ՚⡣
лWҊҪɷ
1՚⣺(N2)(O2)
2ˮú⣺һ̼(CO)͚(H2)
3ú⣺һ̼(CO)
4Ȼ⣺(CH4)
5ʯʯ/ʯ(CaCO3)
6F/䓣(Fe)
7ľ̿/̿/̿/̿(C)
8FP(Fe2O3)
лWҊ|(zh)Q
1Ȼc(NaCl)ʳ}
2̼c(Na2CO3)A,K,ډA
3c(NaOH)A,A,c
4}(CaO)ʯ
5}(Ca(OH)2)ʯ,ʯ
6̼w(CO2)ɱ
7(HCl)}
8Aʽ̼~(Cu2(OH)2CO3)~G
9~w(CuSO4 .5H2O){\,đ\
10(CH4)Ӛ
11Ҵ(C2H5OH)ƾ
12(CH3COOH)
13^(H2O2)pˮ
14(Hg)ˮy
15̼c(NaHCO3)СK
пW֪R
Wʽͻσr
(1)Wʽx
ٺ^x
a.ʾһN|(zh)
b.ʾԓ|(zh)ԪؽMɡ
^x
a.ʾԓ|(zh)һ
b.ʾԓ|(zh)ķӘ(gu)
x
a.ʾ|(zh)һиԭӂ(sh)
b.ʾM|(zh)ĸԪ|(zh)ȡ
(2)|(zh)Wʽx
ֱԪط̖ʾģ
a.ن|(zh)磺K~CuyAgȡ
b.̑B(ti)ǽ磺̼CSP
c.ϡКw磺()He()Ne()Ar
ڶԭӘ(gu)ɷӵĆ|(zh)ɎׂͬNԭӘ(gu)ɵľԪط̖½njס
磺ÿ2ԭӘ(gu)tĻWʽO2
pԭӷӆ|(zh)WʽO2()N2() H2() F2()Cl2(Ț)Br2(ҺB(ti))
ԭӷӆ|(zh)WʽO3
(3)ﻯWʽxxĺx
كɷNԪؽMɵĻxɡijij磺MgO(V)NaCl(Ȼc)
cԪؽMɵ'xɡijij磺KMnO4(i)K2MnO4(i) MgSO4(V)CaCO3(̼})
(4)(j)WʽДԪػσr(j)ԪػσrĻWʽ
ДԪػσr(j)ǣؓσr(sh)͞
ڸ(j)ԪػσrWʽIJE
a.ԪػσrؓҌԪط̖˳σr
b.ԪػσrǷмs(sh)s
c.挦{(dio)ѼsȵĻσrԪط̖½
W֪RcY(ji)e֪RcPcP(gun)£
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2016пҊe֪Rc02-23