雅思閱讀根據(jù)定義進(jìn)行生詞猜測(cè)
1.根據(jù)定義猜測(cè)詞義
如果生詞是句子或段落所解釋的定義，理解句子或段落本身就是推斷詞義。
例如：anthropology is the scientific study of man.由定義可知，anthropology就是“研究人類(lèi)的科學(xué)”。
In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.同樣，從上下文的定義可知jam一詞在俚語(yǔ)中的意思是“困境”。定義句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。
2.根據(jù)復(fù)述猜測(cè)詞義
雖然復(fù)述不如定義那樣嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、詳細(xì)，但是提供的信息足以使閱讀者猜出生詞詞義。復(fù)述部分可以適當(dāng)詞、短語(yǔ)或是從句。
同位語(yǔ)Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
此例逗號(hào)中短語(yǔ)意為“對(duì)詞意義進(jìn)行研究的學(xué)科”。該短語(yǔ)與前面生詞semanties式同位關(guān)系，因此我們不難猜出semanties指“語(yǔ)義學(xué)”。
在復(fù)述中構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系的兩部分之間多用逗號(hào)連接，有時(shí)也使用破折號(hào)，冒號(hào)，分號(hào)，引號(hào)，和括號(hào)等。
Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.
由同位語(yǔ)我們很快猜出生詞capacitance詞義---電容量。
需要注意的是：同位語(yǔ)前還常有or, similarly, thact is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say i. e.等副詞或短語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)。
定語(yǔ)從句Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
根據(jù)生詞SAD后面定語(yǔ)從句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位語(yǔ)a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings,我們可以推斷出SAD含義，即“季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥”。
3.根據(jù)舉例猜測(cè)詞義
恰當(dāng)?shù)呐e例能夠提供猜測(cè)生詞的'重要線索，例如：
The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.句中“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”和“重大科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)”是生詞的實(shí)例，通過(guò)它們我們可以猜出epochal的大致詞義“重要的”，這與其確切含義“劃時(shí)代的”十分接近。
雅思閱讀材料之浮法玻璃
閱讀段落
The principle of float glass is unchanged since the 1950s. However, the product has changed dramatically, from a single thickness of 6.8 mm to a range from sub-millimeter to 25mm, from a ribbon frequently marred by inclusions and bubbles to almost optical perfection. To ensure the highest quality, inspection takes place at every stage. Occasionally, a bubble is not removed during refining, a sand grain refuses to melt, a tremor in the tin puts ripples into the glass ribbon. Automated on-line inspection does two things. Firstly, it reveals process faults upstream that can be corrected. Inspection technology allows more than 100 million measurements a second to be made across the ribbon, locating flaws the unaided eye would be unable to see. Secondly, it enables computers downstream to steer cutters around flaws.
段落大意
本段介紹了浮法玻璃產(chǎn)品的一些新變化。
閱讀筆記
Dramatical change of the product:
1.thickness: a single thickness of 6.8 mm <> a range from sub-millimeter to 25mm
2.quality: a ribbon frequently marred by inclusions and bubbles<> almost optical perfection
3.inspection: automated on-line inspection
邏輯關(guān)系
1.對(duì)比(邏輯連接詞: HOWEVER)
The principle of float glass is unchanged since the 1950s.
The product has changed dramatically, from a single thickness of 6.8 mm to a range from sub-millimetre to 25mm, from a ribbon frequently marred by inclusions and bubbles to almost optical perfection.
2.并列(邏輯連接詞: FIRSTLY, SECONDLY)
It reveals process faults upstream that can be corrected.
It enables computers downstream to steer cutters around flaws.
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