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英語(yǔ)六級(jí)各題型解題技巧
為了幫助大家更好應(yīng)試英語(yǔ)六級(jí)，今天小編就給大家?guī)?lái)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試各個(gè)題型的解析，希望大家能夠好好學(xué)習(xí)，并把這些技巧運(yùn)用到考試當(dāng)中去!
一、快速閱讀題型解題技巧
步驟一：迅速瀏覽大標(biāo)題和小標(biāo)題，了解文章的中心和文章整體的布局：6月份大標(biāo)題是What will the world be like in fifty years? (未來(lái)五十年世界會(huì)是什么樣?)，這樣考生就能聯(lián)想到文章主要是對(duì)未來(lái)世界的預(yù)測(cè)，而小標(biāo)題分別從八個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了闡釋Living Longer, Aliens, Colonies in Space, Spinal Injuries, Obesity, Robots, Energy, Society
步驟二：依次而下順序解題，填寫注意語(yǔ)法正確：快速閱讀通常是以依次而下的順序出題，而且每題基本都是細(xì)節(jié)題，分別對(duì)應(yīng)文章一段，因此考生可以采用關(guān)鍵詞定位的方法。雖然面對(duì)選擇和填空兩種題型，但其實(shí)選擇和填空的唯一區(qū)別是前者提供了四個(gè)選項(xiàng)選擇，而后者需要填寫時(shí)考慮語(yǔ)法和書寫正確，但答案基本上都是從原文中可以獲得。
例題1 According to Harvard professor Steven Pinker, predictions about the future_____. (CET-6，2008.6. No.2)
A) may invite trouble B) may not come true
C) will fool the public D) do more harm than good
考生可以利用題目中的關(guān)鍵詞Steven Pinker進(jìn)行定位，在文章第六段找到對(duì)應(yīng)的句子Harvard professor Steven Pinker says: “This is an invitation to look foolish, as with the predictions of domed cities and nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners that were made 50 year ago.”(這個(gè)想法特別愚蠢，就像50年前對(duì)于穹頂城市和核能真空吸塵器的預(yù)測(cè)一樣)，因此可以根據(jù)句意，可以排除A、C、D,而選擇B。”
例題2 Rodney Brooks says that it will be possible for robots to work with humans as a result or the development of _____. (CET-6，2008.6. No.8)
此題為填空題，考生可以根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞Rodney Brooks 在文中定位到小標(biāo)題Robots部分“Rodney Brooks, professor of robotics at MIT, says the problems of developing artificial intelligence for robots will be at least partly overcome.”題干要求填空的部分由于緊接在of后面，需要一個(gè)名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，而文中developing后面是動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，正好也是名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，所以答案是artificial intelligence for robots。
快速閱讀中除了上述兩種題型之外，還有難度較大的判斷題型，即True，F(xiàn)alse，Not Given題，所以考生也需要對(duì)這種題目進(jìn)行一定的練習(xí)，做好出題者變換題型的準(zhǔn)備。True一般來(lái)說(shuō)比較好判斷，F(xiàn)alse還是Not Given，關(guān)鍵是看題目的表述和原文的表述是否對(duì)立，若判斷為對(duì)立，那就應(yīng)該選False，而選Not Given的情況是兩者表述并不對(duì)立，只是題目的信息在原文中找不到相對(duì)等的表述。這里簡(jiǎn)單舉一個(gè)小例子：
原文：It is cold.
判斷1：It is hot. (hot和cold是完全矛盾對(duì)立的，所以為False)
判斷2：It is humid.(humid和cold沒(méi)有對(duì)立關(guān)系，原文沒(méi)有涉及，所以為Not Given)
快速閱讀主要考查考生的快速瀏覽和理解轉(zhuǎn)換的能力，所以考生備考過(guò)程中，瀏覽速度直接制約了考生能否在此項(xiàng)考題中有出色的發(fā)揮。對(duì)此，考生應(yīng)加強(qiáng)眼睛快速瀏覽和理解的能力，最為簡(jiǎn)單有效的方法就是每天堅(jiān)持高聲快速朗讀。
二、仔細(xì)閱讀題型解題技巧
1.確定題型，關(guān)鍵定位
六級(jí)考試閱讀部分主要涉及主旨題、態(tài)度題、猜詞題、細(xì)節(jié)題和推論題五種題型，而考試中主要考查的題型是細(xì)節(jié)和推論。考生首先應(yīng)該判斷考查題型，確定做題方法，然后圈定題干關(guān)鍵詞。
52. Why do Americans feel humiliated? (細(xì)節(jié)題，關(guān)鍵詞是Americans 和 humiliated)
53. How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans? (細(xì)節(jié)題，關(guān)鍵詞是affect the life of ordinary Americans)
54.How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar? (細(xì)節(jié)題，關(guān)鍵詞是Europeans)
55.What is the author’s advice to Americans? (推論題)
56.What does the author imply by saying “currencies don’t turn on a dime” (Line 2, Para 7)? (猜詞題，猜測(cè)句子隱含含義)
2.關(guān)鍵詞定位、圈定文中邏輯關(guān)系詞、依次而下確定出題區(qū)域
考生可以借助題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Americans，humiliated，affect the life of ordinary Americans，Europeans等通讀全文，圈定關(guān)鍵詞和邏輯關(guān)系詞(因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、舉例等)。
(Passage 3)The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation’s self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency.(No.52) It’s also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy-from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami-for which the weak dollar is most excellent news. (No.53)
(Passage 4)Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U.S. than a weak dollar. (No.54) Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6.8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2000 peak? Many Europeans now apparently view the U.S. the way many Americans view Mexico-as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can’t afford to join the merrymaking.
(Passage 5、6)此兩段為舉例，而舉例在六級(jí)考試中通常起到說(shuō)明的作用，用于證明所要闡述的觀點(diǎn)，一般不考查。
(Passage 7)American tourists, however, shouldn’t expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect. (No.55)
3.利用初步劃定的各題區(qū)域，運(yùn)用排除等方法解題
解答52題“Why do Americans feel humiliated?”，考生需要理解The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation’s self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency.而句中提到美元的貶值是屈辱的來(lái)源，換句話說(shuō)，屈辱的原因是美元的貶值，這個(gè)意思正好暗合C選項(xiàng)Their currency has slumped。
三、簡(jiǎn)短回答題型解題技巧
1.填空題
填空題就是根據(jù)文中的信息將句子補(bǔ)充完整。填空題的題干是一個(gè)殘缺句，而所殘缺的部分必定在原句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分�？忌梢愿鶕�(jù)高中學(xué)過(guò)的主謂賓、主系表、定狀補(bǔ)等語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題確定殘缺部分在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞�，在�?gòu)造答案之前做到心中有數(shù)。然后返回原文，在文中尋找作者所提供的信息，用正確的語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行填寫。
總結(jié)起來(lái)，在六級(jí)考試中做好填空題，我們應(yīng)該三步走：一是分析題干，查找缺少的成分，二是利用題干關(guān)鍵詞在文中定位答案的所在范圍，三是結(jié)合題干，填入符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的成分，使句子完整并忠實(shí)于原文。
例題1：The trailer for "United 93" succeeded in _______ when it played in the theaters in Hollywood and New York City. (CET-6，2008.6. No.47)
解析：① 尋找題干中缺少的成分：根據(jù)我們?cè)诿~語(yǔ)法中所學(xué)的，所有格后面應(yīng)該是接一個(gè)名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)succeed in后面應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。
② 利用題干的關(guān)鍵詞在文中定位答案范圍：利用關(guān)鍵詞the trailer for “United 93”和succeed返回原文定位到了這樣一句話：“If movie trailers(預(yù)告片)are supposed to cause a reaction, the preview for "United 93" more than succeeds.”
�、� 補(bǔ)充完整題干，語(yǔ)法正確，忠實(shí)原文：定位句意思是“如果電影預(yù)告片應(yīng)該引起反響的話，United 93做的很成功。”對(duì)比題干我們發(fā)現(xiàn)cause a reaction正是我們要找的信息。正確答案也就是“causing a reaction”。
2.問(wèn)答題
問(wèn)答題的解法其實(shí)和填空題基本相似，首先我們可以根據(jù)題目判斷答案是句子還是詞。What did writer-director Paul Greengrass obtain before he proceeded with the movie? 這個(gè)題目問(wèn)的是Paul Greengrass獲得了什么，很顯然考生需要尋找obtain的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)名詞或名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)。利用題目中的關(guān)鍵詞Writer-director Paul Greengrass和proceeded with the movie 定位文章中的Writer-director Paul Greengrass has gone to great lengths to be respectful in his depiction of what occurred, proceeding with the film only after securing the approval of every victim's family.此題唯一的難點(diǎn)就是需要考生邏輯轉(zhuǎn)換，題干是before,而文中是after,而文中的securing正是獲得的含義，是分詞形式，后面的the approval of every victim's family是做賓語(yǔ)。所以答案是the approval of every victim's family
總的來(lái)說(shuō)，只要對(duì)于題干的結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，對(duì)于殘缺成分與已知成分的邏輯關(guān)系清晰，解答此項(xiàng)題型就會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。但是還有一點(diǎn)需要我們提高警惕，我們?cè)诮忸}過(guò)程中要注意 (1) 人稱代詞要根據(jù)題干轉(zhuǎn)換;(2) 時(shí)態(tài)要與題干保持一致; (3) 冠詞的使用;(4) 大小寫問(wèn)題，這樣才能做到句子完整，忠實(shí)原文，符合語(yǔ)法。
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