六級(jí)閱讀四大題型解析

六級(jí)閱讀四大題型解析

　　只要掌握了閱讀題的題型，那么閱讀題對(duì)于我們來說就沒什么好怕的了，下面小編就給大家?guī)�來六�?jí)閱讀四大題型的詳細(xì)解析，希望能夠幫助到大家!

　　一、主旨題(Sum Up/Title)--看文章每段第一句

　　24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?

　　A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.

　　B) Labour and the effects of automation.

　　C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.

　　D) Social benefits of automation.

　　注：文章三段第一句都出現(xiàn)automation，兩段出現(xiàn)labour，因此這兩個(gè)詞是重點(diǎn)，必然在選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)。

　　Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the "Second Industrial Revolution".

　　注：refers to 下定義

　　Labour's concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.

　　注：labour 雇員

　　To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the "improvement factor", which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.

　　注：union 工會(huì)，和雇員有關(guān)

　　二、詞匯題——找詞所在句子關(guān)系

　　轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。例如：六級(jí)很難，但是……，找轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But, Yet, However。

　　并列關(guān)系。例如：A and B，問A就把B內(nèi)容填進(jìn)去。

　　解釋關(guān)系。用because和從句in which等聯(lián)系。

　　例如：

　　30. “An identifying figure” (Line 2, Para. 5) refers to a person ______.

　　A) who serves as a model for others

　　B) who is always successful

　　C) who can be depended upon

　　D) who has been rewarded for his success

　　(文章前四段省略)

　　Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situations, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.

　　注：把握and前后是并列關(guān)系。

　　三、細(xì)節(jié)題--直接細(xì)節(jié)、因果推理、暗示

　　例如：

　　31. It is implied that fifty years ago ____________ .

　　A) eighty percent of American working people were employed in factories

　　B) twenty percent of American intellectuals were employees

　　C) the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers

　　D) the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrial workers

　　34. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is _______ .

　　A) less important than awareness of being a good employee

　　B) as important as the ability to deal with public relations

　　C) more important than employer- employee relations

　　D) as important as the ability to co- operate with others in the organization

　　Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago "being employed" meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class and upper - class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production.

　　Yet you will fine little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist' s trade or bookkeeping (簿記). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge.

　　四、作者態(tài)度題(attitude)——正負(fù)態(tài)度

　　凡是文章探討新事物——正態(tài)度

　　凡是文章探討老事物——負(fù)態(tài)度

　　例外：中立題

　　25. The writer’s attitude towards the use of the telephone is ______.

　　A) affectionate

　　B) disapproving

　　C) approving

　　D) neutral

　　例子：例子必出題。文章有論點(diǎn)-論據(jù)-論證，例子是論證，用來支持論點(diǎn)，所以簡(jiǎn)而言之，例子本身不重要，但前后論點(diǎn)極其重要。

　　例子開始的標(biāo)志：for example，后面跟著大寫、時(shí)間、年代，依然是舉例內(nèi)容。

　　例子含義的標(biāo)志：show, tell, prove, demonstrate, find, clearly

　　英語六級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀4種題型解題技巧

　　一、事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

　　識(shí)別：題目往往會(huì)以wh-疑問詞(如what, who, which, when, where, why, how)提問。

　　常考考點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、列舉、指代等

　　破解技巧：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的解題關(guān)鍵在于定位。建議考生先快速瀏覽題目并劃出題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后回原文找相應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞，進(jìn)行段落定位，之后回到題目和選項(xiàng)，看哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題干要求且與原文對(duì)應(yīng)信息表述一致。

　　注意：正確選項(xiàng)往往是原文對(duì)應(yīng)信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，而照抄原文內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)往往是干擾項(xiàng);除此之外，常見的干擾項(xiàng)還包括與原文描述相悖、與原文內(nèi)容部分相符、原文沒有提及的信息等。

　　二、推理判斷題

　　識(shí)別：題干中含有infer, imply, learn from和 conclude等詞。

　　�？伎键c(diǎn)：對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)、段落或全文進(jìn)行推斷

　　破解技巧：先掃讀題干，判讀題目要求是對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)、段落還是全文進(jìn)行推斷。 如果是對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)和段落進(jìn)行推斷，則后面的做法與事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題相同;如果要求對(duì)全文進(jìn)行推斷，則文章主題和中心思想是解題的主要依據(jù)，所以需要考生瀏覽全文掌握文章主題，正確答案往往是對(duì)原文描述的總結(jié)，或換個(gè)角度表述與原文相同的意義。

　　三、主旨大意題

　　識(shí)別：題干中含有the main idea, the best title和the main purpose of the passage等詞。

　　破題技巧：該題型考查考生綜合概括能力，需要先考生回到原文，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注首尾段和各段首尾句，這些句子一般為各段主題句，綜合起來即可得出文章主旨;然后回到題目，排除干擾項(xiàng)(如文章局部信息、與原文無關(guān)信息以及與原文相悖選項(xiàng)等)，挑出正確選項(xiàng)。

　　四、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題

　　識(shí)別：題目中有opinion, attitude以及feel about等詞。

　　�？伎键c(diǎn)：文中某人或作者的觀點(diǎn)

　　破題技巧：如果題目考查文中某人的觀點(diǎn)或作者對(duì)文中提及某一事物的觀點(diǎn)，則需要考生利用題干關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位，解題方法與事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題相同。但是，如果題目考查作者對(duì)全文主題的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度，則需要考生綜合全文信息，體會(huì)作者在文章中的寫作措辭和語氣，進(jìn)而得出作者的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。

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