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      1. 中級(jí)筆譯翻譯方法

        時(shí)間:2020-11-04 14:26:37 英語(yǔ)筆譯 我要投稿

        中級(jí)筆譯翻譯方法

          語(yǔ)言的互相翻譯不但有利于各國(guó)文化的交流,更有利于語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展。為了要適漢地把外國(guó)語(yǔ)言中的習(xí)語(yǔ)忠實(shí)地翻譯出來(lái),有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的翻譯工作者會(huì)采取很多種方法來(lái)翻譯。下面是小編整理的幾種翻譯方法,希望能幫到大家!

          一、英語(yǔ)詞匯翻譯的多樣性

          在William Thackeray的小說(shuō)Vanity Fair(名利場(chǎng))一書中,作者描繪女子學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)巴巴拉·平克頓給其學(xué)生寫的推薦書時(shí)是這樣寫的:

          1.Although schoolmistresses’ letters are to be trusted no more nor less than churchyard epitaphs;yet, as it sometimes happens that a person departs his life,who is really deserving of all the praises the stone-cutter carves over his bones;who is a good Christian,a good parent,child,wife or husband;who actually does leave a disconsolate family to morn his loss;...

          這一段楊必先生譯為:

          一般說(shuō)來(lái),校長(zhǎng)的信和墓志銘一樣靠不住。不過(guò)偶然也有幾個(gè)死人當(dāng)?shù)闷鹗晨淘谒麄冃喙巧系暮迷,真的是虔誠(chéng)的教徒,慈愛的'父母,孝順的兒女,盡職的丈夫,賢良的妻子,他們家里的人也真的哀思綿綿地追悼他們。

          一個(gè)“good”,譯得何等文采風(fēng)流!“虔誠(chéng)的”、“慈愛的”、“孝順的”、“賢良的”、“盡職的”不都是在具體語(yǔ)境中從“好的”一詞升華出來(lái)的嗎?

          2.A thin man in a thin overcoat watched them out of thin, emotionless eyes.(James Thurber:One Is A Wanderer)

          一個(gè)骨瘦如柴、衣服單薄、雙目失神的男子注視著他們。

          I am busy today.

          I have a busy day.(……)

          3.Some fishing boats were becalmed lust in front of us.Their shadows slept,or almost slept, upon the water,a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep,or if sleep,that it was sleep with dreams.

          眼前不遠(yuǎn),漁舟三五,凝滯不前,檣影斜映水上,仿佛睡去,偶爾微見顫動(dòng),似又未曾熟睡,恍若驚夢(mèng)。

          這是一個(gè)充滿詩(shī)情畫意的段落。其中sleep(slept)一詞出現(xiàn)五次,如果將它們逐個(gè)譯成“睡”字,大煞風(fēng)景。譯者經(jīng)過(guò)處理,只譯出其中三個(gè),分別為“斜映”、“睡去”、“熟睡”,無(wú)一簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù),而另有兩個(gè)隱去。譯得如此豐富多彩,首先在于對(duì)原文意蘊(yùn)的深入發(fā)掘和理解。同時(shí)也有賴于譯者運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的嫻熟手法。

          4.A great company came to the exhibition.(a group of people)

          許多人參加了展覽會(huì)。

          The company are now enjoying a feast.(a number of people combined with a common purpose)

          那一行人正在進(jìn)餐。

          He kept me company.(He is my guest)

          他是我的客人。

          We have company today.(invited guest)

          今天我們請(qǐng)客。

          The ship’s company assembled on the deck for inspection. (a ship’s crew)

          全體船員在甲板上等候檢閱。

          以上例句中都有一個(gè)“company”,在不同的語(yǔ)境中就有了不同的含義(見括號(hào)內(nèi)解釋)。又如:In married life three is company and two none.此句中的 “company”中的意思又與上面的例子不一樣,意思是“和諧”,所以全句的意思是“結(jié)婚以后,有了孩子才成其為家”。由此我們想到漢語(yǔ)的成語(yǔ)“兩個(gè)和尚抬水吃,三個(gè)和尚沒水喝”可以譯成“In social life,two is company and three is none.”正確理解多義詞的關(guān)鍵是正確把握語(yǔ)境,也就是上下文,關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)我們還要進(jìn)一步討論。

          二、 同義反譯法

          1. Only three customers remained in the bar.

          酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒有走。

          (不譯:“還留著”或“還呆在那里”)

          2. I’ll be here for good this time.

          這一次我再也不走了。

          (不譯:“永遠(yuǎn)在此呆下去”)

          3. Please keep the fire burning when I’m out.

          我不在家的時(shí)候,別讓爐子滅了。

          (不譯:“我外出時(shí),請(qǐng)讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著”)

          4. "Wait, he is serious."

          等等,他不是說(shuō)著玩兒的。

          (不譯:”等等,他是認(rèn)真的。“)

          5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"

          聽我說(shuō),克拉拉,對(duì)這孩子可不能心軟。

          (不譯:”......對(duì)這孩子要堅(jiān)定“)

          三、 刪減解釋詞

          The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.

          到南方去的人看見那些黑白混血的女郎,一定會(huì)注意到她們十之八九都有那種獨(dú)特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、那種溫柔的聲音和文靜的舉止。

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