小活動 大作用-看市級課題《地域文化的英語校本課程的開發和
摘要：市級課題《地域文化的英語校本課程的開發和研究》中，組織了很多小活動。其中，高中年級組織的是以“說英語，話家鄉”為主題的英語演講比賽，這雖然只是一個小活動，對學生在英語語言學習中卻具有很大的積極作用，促進了學生各方面能力的提高。根據新課標中英語課程的課程目標，在語言技能、語言知識、情感態度、學習策略和文化意識中都起到了一定的積極作用。關鍵詞：課題活動；英語語言學習；作用
筆者任教的學校馬鞍山六中承擔了一個市級課題的研究，題目是《地域文化的英語校本課程的開發和研究》，在這個課題研究實施當中，組織了很多小活動，如在班級組建“英語角”專欄，通過組建校園英語廣播“快樂英語加油站”將英語延伸到課外，組織一次“說英語，話家鄉”英語演講比賽，組織一次“今天我來當導游”的行為實踐活動，組織一次“My Hometown”為主體的征文活動等，以一系列的英語活動培養學生熱愛家鄉的情感，增強他們學英語，用英語的興趣。其中，高中年級組織的是以“說英語，話家鄉”為主題的英語演講比賽，這雖然只是一個小活動，對學生在英語語言學習中卻具有很大的積極作用，促進了學生各方面能力的提高。根據《新課標》中英語課程的課程目標，從以下幾個方面來看看這個小活動所起的促進作用。
一、語言技能
參加演講比賽的學生是高一學生，即將進入高二年級，以普通高中畢業的要求七級為準，檢驗學生在活動中及活動后所能達到的目標。
語言技能分為聽說讀寫等方面，在這個活動中，參加演講的學生從班級中先挑選，學生自主參加，由教師和本班級其他學生一起參與評選，在此過程中鍛煉了學生聽的能力，大部分學生能聽懂演講者就此話題的內容并能抓住要點，演講者也能用恰當的語調和節奏表達自己的演講內容，讓學生討論評選，給了學生就此話題交流討論的機會。在選拔出本班的參賽者后，教師讓學生去獲取相應的資料并整合信息，寫成演講稿。從以上的步驟中，學生鍛煉了聽說讀寫聽力，基本達到目標語言技能要求，使學生向更好的語言技能方向發展。
二、語言知識
參賽學生在演講的訓練中逐步做到語音、語調自然流暢。在演講稿的寫作中，學會使用一些新的詞匯和短語，擴充了詞匯量，學習去使用適當的語言描述事物。演講的題目是“說英語，話家鄉”，能讓學生熟悉此方面的話題。
三、情感態度
在這一方面，這個小活動更是起到了意想不到的作用，通過此次演講比賽，學生提高了學習英語的愿望和興趣，大部分同學都能積極參與這項活動。這次活動也大大增加了學生英語學習的自信心，在活動中遇到一些困難，愿意主動向成績較好的學生或教師求教。參賽者之間更是能相互合作，分享獲取的各類與此有關的資料。通過這次活動，筆者看到了學生對于本地文化的喜愛，熱愛自己家鄉的情感溢于言表。
四、學習策略
從此次活動中，學生學會了主動拓寬英語學習的渠道，積極與同學交流探討，通過書籍和網絡獲得了更廣泛的英語信息，擴展了所學知識。在閱讀一些英語文獻資料時，學會借助情景和上下文猜測詞義和推測段落大意。通過這些學習策略的認知與歸納，更有助于提高語言技能。
五、文化意識
通過對家鄉的描述，學生更深入了解了我們國家的文化和風俗，更了解本國人的生活方式，及在行為舉止和待人接物等各方面的做法。在此基礎上，學生更愿意主動積極地去了解英語國家的文化和風俗，了解英語國家人們的生活方式和行為方式，由此培養學生的世界意識。通過文化對比，加深對祖國文化的理解和熱愛。
看似小小的一個活動，卻可以從各方面提高學生的文化知識水平。從學生此次的演講稿中，筆者挑選了兩篇經過修改的文章，無論從哪個方面看，這些文章都可以體現出學生的進步。
例文：
My Hometown
Class 1, Senior 1 Ge Yuanting
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Geyuanting and I am from Class 1, Senior 1. Today I feel great honored to be here to make a speech. Have you heard of the famous Chinese poet---LiBai? Do you know which city enjoys great reputation because of him? Yes, it is Maanshan. Though in recent ten years, the city has changed beyond recognition, still there is a long way to go. Now if I were Mayor of Maanshan , I would do whatever I could to promote the image of Maanshan among citizens.
It is known to us that Maanshan has developed from a small fishing town to a modern city, which has taken on a new look. Because of its clear sky, beautiful scenery and amazing tourist spots, Maanshan has been honored as one of the first national garden cities in China. If I were Mayor of Maanshan, I would express my sincere thanks to all my citizens. It is owing to your efforts and contributions that has created what we possess now. It is owing to your support and hardwork that has made Maanshan as it is today. It is owing to you that has made impossible possible. If I were Mayor of Maanshan, what I would like to do most is to set all parks, museums and libraries for free. Since Maanshan is known as the city of poetry, the morality of local people should be improved. There are several famous parks in our city, such as CaiShi Rock Park, LinSnzhi Memorial, ZhuRan Tomb. Therefore, easy access to parks, musumes and librariesd of the city as well, should be provided. Only in this case can the people of Maanshan enjoy the fresh air and build their bodies in the parks. Only in this case can the people of Maanshan more often to gain a broad view of the world. Only in this case can the people of Maanshan spend most of their free time.
Thus, if I were Mayor of Maanshan, I would make policies to ensure that pour parks, museums and libraries are open for free. If I were Mayor of Maanshan, I hope all citizens will make great contributions together to making our city a heaven on earth where people live in harmony with nature and with each other peacefully and happily.
Thank you for your listening!
例文2:
If I were Mayor of Maanshan
Class 4, Senior 1 Zhou Yajuan
Good afternoon, my dear judgers and fellow students. My name is Zhouyajuan. I stand here today, humbled by the task given by the teacher, grateful for the trust you have bestowed. The topic of my English speech is “If I were Mayor of Maanshan, What would I do?”
My fellow students, please open your eyes and look around our city. Air pollution has made the sky gray, water pollution has made the rivers filled with harmful chemicals, and noise pollution has made our lives lack of pace. What shall we do now？We must take actions to protect our city. It is our duty and we shall do it right now.
Nowadays, protecting the environment is a hot topic among the people, we always mentioned the low-carbon economy, recycling and so on. If I were Mayor of Maanshan, I would focus on protecting the environment first. I would make our citizens aware of the importance of protecting the environment. It is not one person’s job, so please join me. Let’s remember ----United, we stand. Divided, we fall.
Some may say our city has been one of the first national garden cities in China. We have already done well. No! Protecting the environment is a long and arduous task.
We cannot be satisfied with what we have done. If we feel tired, please think of the people suffering severe water shortage in the southeast of our country. Protect the environment or the environment will punish us.
That’s all. Thank you.
平時這些學生的寫作水平并不好，但是能寫出這樣的文章著實令我們教師感到高興，這不僅有學生自身的努力，更有教師的辛勤培育。這次活動只是一個開頭，希望能通過這類活動的開展增加學生對英語學習的興趣，提高學生英語學習的各方面能力。
參考文獻：
[1]Krashen, Stephen & Torrace. Fundamentals of Language Education[M]. California: Laredo press.
[2]Littlewood, William. Communicative Language Teaching[M]. New York: Cambridge University Press.
[3]陳琳等.普通高中英語課程標準(實驗)解讀[S].南京：江蘇教育出版社,2004.
[4]顧曰國.英語教學法[M].北京：外語教學與研究出版社, 2002.
[5]秦志強.中國高中學生學習策略的研究[J]. 山東師范大學外國語學院學報
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