иԇ醾u(png)ֵʲô
TOEFL(The Test of English as a Foreign Language(jin)QTOEFL)(gu)y(c)(yn)(w)(ETS)ekӢZ(y)ԇȫ“zӢZ(y)ĸZ(y)ߵӢZ(y)ԇ”g“и”YJBYSСҾѼиԇ醾u(png)ֵʲôgӭ҅b
ETS(g)ԇ^(gu)dzP(gun)עFairness@һ(g)ҪءƽԭtзdzҪһ(g)wF(xin)Ǵ_ȫ}Y(ji)ɽy(tng)һ醾ˁ(li)M(jn)ETSиĸiBT֮ǼþW(wng)j(lu)M(jn)нy(tng)һ醾u(png)ֵM(jn)
иԇ醾u(png)ˆTETSĹٷˆTô?
ETSTԇ(xing)ĿHHиԇ(xing)ĿЇ(gu)ÿг^(gu)20f(wn)ˈ(bo)@ҲζHǏ醾u(png)@(g)ҪͶǏETSk^(q)(li)҂뵽DzȥôٷˆT(li)醾
ETSu(png)ֆTǃHETSٷˆT(gu)ˆTͨ^(gu)ضM(jn)ļֻҪ(gu)ˆTՈ(qng)ɞu(png)ֆTҪETSkڼ醾Ǟ˴_u(png)ֵĿƌW(xu)Ժ͜(zhn)_еu(png)ˆT횅cu(png)Ӗ(xn)Kͨ^(gu)J(rn)Cy(c)ԇՈ(qng)ͨ^(gu)Y|(zh)˺(hu)M(jn)뵽Ӗ(xn)h(hun)(ji)ɞһTrain rater
(dng)Ӗ(xn)쾚еu(png)֘(bio)(zhn)͕֮(hu)M(jn)뾀u(png)֭h(hun)(ji)Ӗ(xn)߱ôģM(jn)Ќ(du)ʽu(png)ֱ֣ԼĴֺĿ(bio)ȫһ·ͨ^(gu)y(c)ԇɞһCertify rater(g)^(gu)УETSĹٷu(png)ֆT䮔(dng)?sh)ľһ(g)к͌(do)ĽɫҲ@ӵģʽŴ_ˌI(y)ˆTĸЧͬr(sh)Ҳ_u(png)ֵĿƌW(xu)Ժ͜(zhn)_
ETSȻʹXu(png)ô?Xu(png)Ƿ(hu)Ӌ(j)挍(sh)ɿ(j)?
䌍(sh)Xu(png)@(g)ѽ(jng)\(yn)ڌԇ@ʲôda(chn)ԏ20101_ʼiBTČu(png)ϵy(tng)M(jn){(dio)ԭ(li)2(g)u(png)ֆTu(png)ȡg(sh)ƽraw scoreԭʼ֣Ğ1(g)u(png)ֆT1(g)Xu(png)ϵy(tng)(e-Rater)u(png)ȡg(sh)ƽԭʼֵķʽM֮Ҳкܶ}C(j)(gu)ҲW(xu)(x)@Nu(png)ַʽK?yn)u(png)ЧKŗ@ҲǺܶ˲y(c)ETSF(xin)ĿԇǷ߀^m(x)ʹXu(png)ֵԭڡ
f(shu)ETSӖ(xn)ÿһλETSĹٷˆT(hu)ἰHuman Scoring & Automated ScoringĸشҲܲ뵽Y(ji)ETS(du)Xu(png)ֵIJǘ˲ƣҌ(du)u(png)ֵĽY(ji)ǘOεġ
䌍(sh)(li)ETS֮ǰ(du)Xu(png)@ҲĴ](dn)@ӳ(li)иɿ(j)(hu)^(gu)ڙC(j)еصóY(ji)Ǯ(dng) ꌣҵvETSXu(png)ֵxһ棬҂֮ǰ(du)Xu(png)ֵJ(rn)R(sh)ȫXÃHHһЩмme(cu)ܵܛ(li)M(jn)u(png)֡xϵe-Raterһ(g)ڏ(qing)(sh)(j)ϵy(tng)ֵ֧һ(g)\(yn)ϵy(tng)܉?q)ݔ?ni)ݺ͔(sh)(j)(k)ă(ni)M(jn)бʽ醣@Ӿ͘O(qing)醾u(png)ֵ`Ⱥ͏V
ETSȫĜy(c)ԇ(w)C(j)(gu)쪚(d)ă(yu)(sh)Ǿÿ궼܉e۴(sh)(j)܉M(jn)иµ@ʹXu(png)ϵy(tng)ܻȶԣy(c)ԇC(j)(gu)Xu(png)ϵy(tng)s̓]д(sh)(j)(ni)֧Ȼo(w)õһ(g)'u(png)Ч
һXu(png)(d)صă(yu)(sh)ǾǾ߂Ŀ^醾ƣvh(yun)܉P(gun)עÿһ(g)u(png)֘(bio)(zhn)]еÿһ(g)(x)(ji)ÿһ(g);]wҲͲ^ӳ(du)ͬһƪh(yun)ֻ(hu)oһ(g)׃ķ?jn)?sh);܌(du)ÿһƪoķ?jn)?sh)ܽowĽ@˞u(png)֟o(w)
뵽挍(sh)ɿ(j)ֻ^(gu)ַǙC(j)е،u(png)ֆTu(png)ֺXu(png)M(jn)ƽӋ(j)㡣҂䌍(sh)Ըذɞֹf(xi)(lin)з
E-Raterؓ(f)؟(z)LinguisticIJP(gun)עµ߉Z(y)÷ܘ(gu)~RҪ˹ؓ(f)؟(z)(ni)ݺͺx?c)u(png)Ŀ(bio)ϸзֹΣ醾˺XǪ(d)з˴˿(du)ķ?jn)?sh)(dng)ߵķֲڄ(dng)B(ti)^(q)gֵr(sh)?jn)?sh)ЧзֽY(ji);(dng)ߵķֲڄ(dng)B(ti)^(q)gֵr(sh)˹u(png)ֺXu(png)־o(w)Ч(hu)µзֽMM(jn)u(png)Ȼз֟o(w)Ч(hu)ָoETSٷ醾ֱз@NrٳF(xin)
(du)ڜ(zhn)иԇͬW(xu)(li)vҪõһ(g)Mиɿ(j)Ҫն֪R(sh)߀(yng)ԓ(du)иԇ醾u(png)ַʽ˽!
иԇ醾u(png)ֵʲôءP(gun)£
²gYCԇ醾u(png)08-29
²gYCԇ醾u(png)ֽ08-19
LW(xu)(x)ʲô09-14
Ưʲô10-05
²gYCԇ醾u(png)ֽx09-15
ǻē[IJʲô08-16
˼u(png)֘(bio)(zhn)ʲô11-26
ʲô09-12
(yng)(du)иԇʮE[08-25