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      1. 2017考研英語常見的8類近義易混詞

        發布時間:2017-11-03 編輯:少冰

          考研英語備考中,考研er們除了掌握詞匯的基本含義外,還需要掌握詞匯之間的詞義關系,如同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等。下面是小編為大家整理收集的關于2017考研英語常見的8類近義易混詞,歡迎大家的閱讀。

          ▶1、compel,constrain,force,oblige都有“強迫”的意思。

          ▶compel v.強迫,迫使,常表示運用權利、力量迫使對方做某事;有時也表示“別無辦法,不得不做”。

          eg:His illness compelled him to stay in bed. 他的病迫使他臥床休息。

          ▶constrain v.力勸,強迫,與compel意思相近,但更多強調內心情感(如道德、憐憫等)的強迫和限制作用,一般用于正式的場合。

          eg:As an artist he didn't consider himself constrained by the same rules of social conduct as other people. 他認為自己是藝術家,不必象一般人那樣要受到社會行為準則的約束。

          ▶force v.強迫,迫使,暴力威脅的意味較濃,常用于被動語態。

          eg:The thief forced her to hand over the money. 強盜逼迫她把錢交出來。

          ▶oblige v.(因法律、習俗等)強迫,迫使,常常用于被動。

          eg:We are obliged to stop the car at a red light. 我們遇到紅燈時必須停車。

          ▶2、comprise,compose,consist,constitute,include這一組動詞都有“組成,包含”的意思。

          ▶comprise v.包含,包括,由……組成(整體);組成,構成。

          eg:Our company's product line comprises 2,500 different items. 我們公司的生產線是由2,500個不同的組成部分構成的。

          ▶compose v.構成(整體),組成;由……組成(后接of,常用于被動語態);創作(作曲、詩歌等).

          eg:The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. 委員會主要由教師和學生家長組成。

          ▶consist v.組成,構成,由……組成(后接of,常用于主動語態);(后接in)在于,存在于。

          eg:The problem consists of two parts. 問題由兩部分組成。

          eg:The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. 這計劃的好處就在于簡單易行。

          ▶constitute v.構成,組成(整體).

          eg:Crime and illegal drugs constitute the city's major problems. 犯罪和非法毒品買賣是這個城市面臨的主要問題。

          ▶include v.包括,包含,把……列入。

          ▶3、confinement,limitation,restraint“限制,局限”

          ▶Confinement n.限制,囚禁(于某地或某種境地).

          eg:The prisoner was sentenced to three months' solitary confinement. 那犯人被判處單獨監禁三個月。

          ▶Limitation n.限制,局限;(能力的)缺點,弱點。

          eg:That employee has limitations on what work he can do. 那個雇員能做的工作有限。

          ▶restraint n.克制,抑制;約束措施。

          eg:Even though the mother was very angry, she acted with restraint and didn't yell at her child. 即使母親很生氣,她仍克制自己沒有向孩子大吼。

          ▶4、convert,invert,revert,transform都有“轉變”的意思。

          ▶convert v.轉變,變換,含有“使某人改變觀點”的意思。

          eg:He wants to convert to Catholicism. 他要皈依天主教。

          ▶invert v.使顛倒,使倒轉,使反向。常常表示位置、順序、方向等的顛倒。

          eg:The baby inverted the cup and spilled her orange juice. 嬰兒把杯子打翻,弄灑了里面的橙汁。

          ▶revert v.歸還,恢復原狀。指回到原來的狀態或情形。

          eg:John gave his brother a house, and when his brother died, ownership reverted back to John. 約翰送給他的哥哥一所房子,當他的哥哥去世后,房子的所有權重新歸于約翰。

          ▶transform v.改變,轉變,指形狀、顏色、大小、性質等的改變。

          ▶5、credible,credulous,plausible都有“可信”的意思。

          ▶credible a.可信的,可靠的。

          eg:That the student told the teacher a credible story that she missed classes because she was sick. 那個學生跟老師講了實情,她沒來上課是因為她病了。

          ▶credulous a.輕信的,易于相信的。

          eg:She was credulous when she listened to the salesman and bought the car for too much money. 她很容易輕信別人,竟然聽信那個銷售員的話以高價買了那輛車。

          ▶plausible a.似乎有理的(可信的),常帶有懷疑的意思。

          eg:Even though it is a plausible explanation, I am not completely convinced. 雖然這個解釋合理,但仍不可能使我完全相信。

          ▶6、decline,refuse,reject,deny都有“拒絕”的意思。

          ▶decline v.婉言拒絕,謝絕,相當于refuse politely,主要用于拒絕有關社交活動的邀請或要求幫助的請求,后接名詞或動詞不定式,主語只能是人。

          ▶refuse v.是比較普通的用詞,表示“拒絕”,含有非常堅決地、不客氣地拒絕的意思。

          ▶reject v.拋棄,不采納,主語可以是人或物,后接名詞,不能接動詞不定式。

          eg:He asked her to go to the movies three times, and each time she rejected him. 他三次約她去看電影,但每一次都被拒絕。

          ▶deny v.否認,否定,其后可接名詞,代詞或that從句。

          eg:The defendant denied the accusations made against him in court. 被告在法庭上否認了對他的指控。

          形近易混詞:

          ▶1、certify,rectify,testify,verify

          ▶certify v.證明,聲稱是真的。

          eg:He certified it was his wife's handwriting. 他證明那是他妻子的手跡。

          ▶rectify v.改正,糾正;整頓。

          eg:He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording. 他通過改變措辭糾正了合同里的錯。

          ▶testify v.(在法庭上)宣誓作證;表明。

          eg:He is the only person who can testify in this case. 他是這件案例中唯一可以作證的人。

          ▶verify v.(用事實)證實或核實。

          eg:I verified the store's address by calling to check it. 我打電話詢問,以核實商店的地址。

          ▶2、considerable,considerate

          ▶considerable a.相當大的,相當多的;值得考慮的。

          eg:That family owns a considerable amount of land. 那個家族擁有大量的土地。

          ▶considerate a.考慮周到的,體貼的,后面常跟of結構。

          eg:He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic. 他總是很體諒別人,他很慈善并且富有同情心。

          ▶3、conserve,preserve,reserve

          ▶conserve v.保存,保藏,保護(強調節約).

          eg:In winter, some people conserve energy by lowing the heat at night. 冬天,為節約能源有些人在夜里把暖氣調小。

          ▶preserve v.保護;維持;保養;防止(食物)腐敗(使不受破壞).

          eg:The government preserves the rights of the individual person. 政府保護個人的權利不受侵犯。

          ▶reserve v.保留,儲備(強調為某一特殊目的);訂(座位),預定。

          eg:We are reserving these seats for my parents. 我們把這些座位留給我的父母。

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