2018年考研英語(yǔ)：長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)及其解析
The engines would have variable nozzles, which would be fully opened on take-off and landing, so that the exhaust would be slow and relatively quiet, and narrowed when the aircraft was cruising, providing the necessary speed.
【核心詞匯】
variable a.易變的，多變的
exhaust n.排氣，廢氣，排氣管
relatively ad.相當(dāng)?shù)兀鄬?duì)地 take-off起飛
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】
本句主句為The engines would have variable nozzles。其后的定語(yǔ)從句比較復(fù)雜，以逗號(hào)后and為切入點(diǎn)，得到which would be fully opened...and narrowed...，關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞nozzles在從句中作主語(yǔ)。其中so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so that the exhaust would be slow and relatively quiet說(shuō)明(nozzles)would be fully opened on take-off and landing情況發(fā)生時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的.結(jié)果，句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)providing the necessary speed作(nozzles)would be narrowed when the aircraft was cruising情況發(fā)生時(shí)的伴隨結(jié)果，其中when引導(dǎo)的從句作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】
引擎將配有各種各樣的尾噴管，在起飛和降落時(shí)這些尾噴管會(huì)全部打開(kāi)，這樣噴氣速度會(huì)下降，噪音也會(huì)更小;而在飛機(jī)巡航過(guò)程中，尾噴管將變小以保證必要的飛行速度。
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