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常見的幾種目的狀語
引導語:小編以前寫英語作文的時候最害怕的就是要用到目的狀語了,因為語法太多變了,今天小編給大家整理了常見的幾種目的狀語,希望對大家的英語寫作有幫助。
一、用to do sth表目的
用不定式表目的是最簡單也是最常用的方法,它既可以用于句末,也可用于句首,但比較而言,用于句首時,其強調意味較濃。如:
To avoid any delay please phone your order direct. 為免延誤,請直接打電話預訂。
To keep themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. 為了不至于睡著,他們坐在地板上輪流著講故事。
二、用so as to do sth表目的
so as to do sth是to do sth的變體,意思是“以便”“為了”“為的是”等。用so as to do sth表示目的時,它通常用于句末。如:
The two lovers dropped back so as to be alone. 那對情人落在后面,為的是兩人好單獨在一起。
I always keep fruit in the fridge so as to keep insects off it. 我總是把水果放在冰箱里,以防蟲子叮咬。
三、用in order to do sth表目的
in order to do sth也是to do sth的變體。用in order to do sth表示目的時,它既可以用于句末,也可用于句首,但比較而言,用于句首時,其強調意味較濃。如:
She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早,圖的是得個好座位。
Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 完成這些目標需要團隊合作。
四、用so that表目的
so as to和so that均可表示目的,兩者的區別是,前者引出不定式,后者用以引導目的狀語從句。與用so as to do sth表示目的的情形相似,so that引導的目的狀語從句通常位于主句之后。如:
They wrote the notices in several languages so that foreign tourists could understand them. 他們把通知用幾國文字寫出來,以便讓各國游客都能看得懂。
有時可省略其中的that。如:
Leave the keys out so (that) I remember to take them with me. 把鑰匙放在外面,好讓我記得帶。
I deliberately didn’t have lunch so (that) I would be hungry tonight. 我有意沒吃午飯,為的就是讓自己今晚能感到餓。
五、用in order that表目的
in order to和in order that均可表示目的,兩者的區別是,前者引出不定式,后者用以引導目的狀語從句。與用in order to do sth表示目的的情形相似,in order that引導的目的狀語從句可以位于主句之前或之后。如:
These men risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 這些人甘冒生命危險,為的是讓我們生活更安全。
I bought a new car in order that my wife might learn to drive. 我買了一輛新車,以便我妻子學習駕駛。
In order that you may create such a picture, you have to possess certain artistic weapons. 創作這樣的畫,你得具有某些藝術手段。
六、用in case表目的
in case用于引導目的狀語從句時,意思是“以防”“以免”。如:
You’d better take the keys in case I’m out. 你最好帶上鑰匙,以防我不在家。
Listen out for the baby in case she wakes up. 注意聽寶寶的動靜,她醒來好知道。
in case 引導的目的狀語從句有時也可位于主句之前。如:
In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour. 為了防止有人跟蹤我,我特地繞了彎路。
注:也有人認為這樣用的in case 從句為原因狀語從句,意思是“因為怕……”。比較:
I had a snack, just in case there was no time to eat later. 我吃了些點心,以防過會兒沒有時間吃飯。(將in case譯成“以防”,將之視為目的狀語從句)
I had a snack, just in case there was no time to eat later. 我吃了些點心,因為怕過會兒沒有時間吃飯。(將in case譯成“因為怕”,將之視為原因狀語從句)
七、用for fear (that) 表目的
for fear that 用于引導目的狀語從句時,與 in case 大致同義,意思是“以防”“以免”。如:
Scientists reject a total ban for fear it will undermine efforts to stop the spread of malaria. 科學家們反對全面禁止,以免削弱為防止瘧疾擴散所作的努力。
注:與in case一樣,for fear that 引導的從句有時也被理解為原因狀語從句,并將其翻譯為“因為怕……”。比較:
Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子關上以防下雨。(將for fear that 譯成“以防”,將之視為目的狀語從句)
Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子關上,因為怕下雨。(將for fear that 譯成“因為怕”,將之視為原因狀語從句)
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