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高考英語必考詞匯大全：非謂語動詞考點及精品練習(xí)題
明天就是高考了，英語詞匯是英語考試的關(guān)鍵，所以今天小編給大家整理了一些實用且常用的高考英語詞匯相關(guān)資料，覺得有用的話快收藏吧。
高考英語非謂語動詞考點及精品練習(xí)題
◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter B. to enter
C. entering D. entered
【陷阱】容易誤選A。有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動詞 could 就斷定此處應(yīng)填動詞原形 enter。
【分析】其實正確答案應(yīng)是B。此句為省略句，即在 could 后省略了動詞 do，若把句子補完整應(yīng)為Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短語(to enter a good college)是用作目的狀語的，而不是與情態(tài)動詞(could)一起構(gòu)成謂語。請再看類似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他們盡量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他們盡一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命學(xué)習(xí)以便趕上他的同學(xué)。
值得指出的是，這也并不是說今后只要遇到類似結(jié)構(gòu)的題就一定選帶to不定式。請看以下試題：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope B. hope
C. hoping D. hoped
此題的答案是 C不是A，其中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴隨狀語。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practise B. to practise
C. practising D. practised
此題答案選 C，這與前面動詞 spent 的搭配有關(guān)，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若將此句補充完整，即為 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could ____D____ his oral English.
A. improve B. to improve
C. improving D. to improving
此題答案選D，注意兩點：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意為“把……貢獻給……”;二是其中的 to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，后接動詞時要用動名詞。
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.
A. doing B. to do
C. being doing D. to be done
【陷阱】容易誤選B，根據(jù) can’t help doing sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)推出。
【分析】其實答案應(yīng)選A。比較以下結(jié)構(gòu)：
can’t help to do sth = 不能幫助做某事
can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一題，答案也是 B：
She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaning B. to clean
C. cleaned D. being cleaned
再請看以下試題：
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
此題應(yīng)選C，句中的 can’t help 意為“禁不住”(注意根據(jù)句意用被動形式)。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】此題最佳答案為B。現(xiàn)分析如下：
(1) devote 意為“致力于，獻身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介詞，不是不定式符號，故后接動詞時要用動名詞，不用不定式。
(2) 選A錯誤：若將 do 改為 doing 則可以。
(3) 選B正確：all her time devoted to doing experiments為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，用作狀語。
(4) 選C錯誤：因為all her time 與 devote 為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)將devoting改為devoted。
(5) 選D錯誤：若單獨看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并沒有錯，但問題是逗號前后兩個簡單句沒有必要的連接方式，所以從整體上看仍不對，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，則可選D，或?qū)將中的is 改為 being也可選它。
請做以下類似題(答案均選A)：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, we’re ready to start.
A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn’t help but______ him.
A. being, support B. was, support
C. has been, supporting D. is, to support
比較以下各題，答案選B，因為句中使用了并列連詞and：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn’t help but______ him.
A. being, support B. was, support
C. has been, supporting D. is, to support
4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make
C. not making D. do not make
【陷阱】容易誤選C，受題干中的逗號的影響，認為是現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果的用法。
【分析】其實答案應(yīng)選B，句中的逗號相當于連詞 and 或 but，not to make it more difficult 是對逗號前的不定式 to make life easier 的補充說明。此句的意思是“新技術(shù)的目的是為了使生活變得更容易，而不是使生活變得更困難”。兩個不定式同時用以說明句子主語 purpose 的內(nèi)容。請做以下類似試題(答案選B)：
The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _____ work for young people.
A. provide B. to provide
C. providing D. provided
5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.
A. to be tied B. being tied
C. tied D. having tied
【陷阱】容易誤選B。
【分析】最佳答案為C。從意義上看，hands 與 tie 的關(guān)系應(yīng)屬被動關(guān)系，故排除D。在A、B、C三個選項中，選項A比較容易排除，因為不定式表示將來意義，在此與語境不符�，F(xiàn)將B和C作一比較：B為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式，它表示兩層意義，一是表被動，二是表進行，也就是說 his hands being tied 的實際意思是“他的手正在被捆住”，這顯然與語境不符。而C為過去分詞，它也表示兩層意義，一是表被動，二是表示動詞的完成或完成后的狀態(tài)，此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可視為手被捆在背后的一種狀態(tài)。由此可知最佳答案為C。請看下面一題：
Anyone ______ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police.
A. finds B. found
C. being found D. will find
答案選B而不選C，其中的過去分詞表示被動和完成。
比較下面兩題，最佳答案是D不是A，現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式表示被動和進行：
(1) The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case ______.
A. argued B. to be argued
C. to be arguing D. being argued
(2) The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages _______.
A. turned B. having turned
C. to be turned D. being turned
6. Remind me _______ the medicine tomorrow.
A. of taking B. taking
C. to take D. take
【陷阱】容易誤選A。受 remind sb of (doing) sth 這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。
【分析】最佳答案為C。比較以下三個結(jié)構(gòu)：
remind sb of [about] sth = 使某人想起某事
remind sb of doing sth = 提醒某人做過某事(暗示動作已發(fā)生)
remind sb to do sth = 提醒某人去做某事(暗示動作尚未發(fā)生)
請看兩個例句：
I reminded him of his promise. 我提醒他做過的諾言。
My wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾經(jīng)看過那部電影。
Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow? 你明天能否提醒我給她打電話?
7. Once your business becomes international, _____ constantly will be part of your life.
A. you fly B. your flight
C. flight D. flying
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】最佳答案為D。由于空格后出現(xiàn)了constantly這一副詞，這就說明不能選B或C，因為B、C均為名詞，不能受副詞 constantly 的修飾。A和D均是可能的，因為其中有動詞 fly。但若選A，you fly 是一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，與其后的謂語 will be 相沖突，所以只能選D，即動名詞flying在此用作主語。
8. Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well.
A. to work, to do B. to working, to doing
C. to work, to doing D. to working, to do
【陷阱】容易誤選A，認為兩個空白處均應(yīng)填不定式。
【分析】正確答案為B，因為 get used to與pay attention to 這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中的to均為介詞，不是不定式符號，故后接動詞時要用動名詞，不能動詞原形。類似地，以下各結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to 也是介詞，不是不定式符號，后接動詞時也應(yīng)用動名詞，而不是動詞原形：
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
be opposed to doing sth 反對做某事
object to doing sth反對做某事
stick to doing sth 堅持做某事
get down to doing sth 開始做某事
take to doing sth 喜歡上做某事
admit to doing 承認做了某事
pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事
devote one’s time to doing sth 把某人的時間用于(奉獻于)做某事
be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能勝任做某事
What do you say to doing sth 你認為做某事怎么樣
9. Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me, but I don’t think it is necessary.
A. to buy B. buying
C. on buying D. in buying
【陷阱】容易誤選B，誤認為insist后不能接不定式，但可以接動名詞。
【分析】答案應(yīng)選C。其實，動詞 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接動名詞，因為insist 通常用作不及物動詞;若語義上需接賓語，要借助介詞 on或upon，即用于 insist on [upon] (doing) sth;但它有時的確也可用作及物動詞，不過其賓語通常只能是 that 從句，而不能是普通的名詞、代詞或動名詞。如：
He insisted on seeing her home. 他堅持送她回家。
I insisted that he (should) stay. 我堅持要他留下。
10. “Do you have anything more ______, sir?” “No. You can have a rest or do something else.”
A. typing B. to be typed
C. typed D. to type
【陷阱】容易誤選D，根據(jù) have sth to do 這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)推出。
【分析】最佳答案是B。確實，在“have+賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，用作定語的不定式通常用主動式表示被動含義，如 I have some clothes to wash等，即盡管其中的 some clothes 與其后的不定式 to wash 具有被動關(guān)系，但卻習(xí)慣上用主動式表示被動意義。但值得指出的是，這類句型的主語與其后的不定式具有主動關(guān)系，如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由該句主語 I 來完成的。而上面一題的情形有所不同，即其中的 to type 這一動作不是由句子主語 you來完成的，而是由說話者“我”來完成的。比較：
Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海嗎?你有什么東西要帶給你兒子嗎?
I’m going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下個星期我要去上海，我隨身要帶很多東西去。
11. She took her son, ran out of the house, _____ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor’s office.
A. put B. to put
C. putting D. having put
【陷阱】容易誤選B或C，誤認為這考查非謂語動詞的用法。
【分析】正確答案選A。句中的took, ran, put, drove 為四并列的謂語動詞，其時態(tài)應(yīng)一致。類似地如(答案選A)：
I got out of the taxi, _____ the fare and dashed into the station.
A. paid B. paying
C. to pay D. having paid
但是，下面一題稍有不同：
Hearing the news, he rushed out, ______ the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open
C. leaving; lie opened D. left; lay opened
此題答案選B，leaving 在此表結(jié)果，lying open 與其前的動詞leave有關(guān)，leave 后接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，表示使某人或某物處于做某事的狀態(tài)中。
12. The boss insisted that every minute ______ made full use of ______ the work well.
A. be, to do B. was, doing
C. be, doing D. was, to do
【陷阱】容易誤選B。
【分析】其實正確答案是A。分析如下：
(1) 第一空填 be，是因為insisted 后接that從句，從句謂語要用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，其中的should也可省略。
(2) 第二空要填to do，是因為此句謂語為被動語態(tài)，假若將此句轉(zhuǎn)換成主動語態(tài)，則是 …should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及 make use of … to do sth (利用……做某事)這一結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，還有 make the most of (盡量利用)，make the best of (盡量利用)等短語也可能用于此類試題。請看以下類似例子：
(1) The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of ______ the power station.
A. to build B. building
C. build D. built
此題答案選 A，不是 B。為便于理解，可先考慮以下結(jié)構(gòu)：
…make use of every part of the materials to build the power station
由此可見，make use of 的賓語是 every part of the materials，其后的不定式 to build the power station 為目的狀語。
(2) Does the way you thought of _______ the water clean make any sense?
A. making B. to make
C. how to make D. having made
此題答案選B，不是A。句子主語是 the way，you thought of 是修飾主語的定語從句，不定式 to make the water clean 也是修飾主語的定語，也就是說，句子主語帶有兩個定語修飾語。
13. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out
C. carry out D. to carry out
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】答案選A。此句結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，現(xiàn)分析如下：
(1) that they would like to see _____ the next year 是修飾名詞 the plan 的定語從句。
(2) 由于 the plan 與空格處的 carry out 有被動關(guān)系，故填過去分詞 carried out。
請做以下類似試題：
(1) Who do you think you’d like _____ with you, a boy or a girl?
A. to have go B. to have to go
C. to have gone D. having to go
在確定答案之前，我們先來看看下面這個句子：
I think I’d like to have a boy go with me.
句中的 go 要用原形，這是因為其前有表示使役的動詞have。在此句中，假若對名詞a boy 提問，便可得出：
Who do you think you’d like to have go with you?
對照上面一題，答案很顯然是A。
(2) Who did the boss _____ his car this time?
A. make wash B. make to wash
C. make washing D. making to wash
在做此題之前，也請先看看下面這個句子：
The boss made Jack wash his car this time.
假若對句中的名詞Jack 提問，便可得出：
Who did the boss make wash his car this time?
由此可知上面題答案為A。
(3) You can never imagine what great difficulty I had ______ your house all by myself.
A. found B. finding
C. to find D. for finding
此題答案選B。考查的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是 have great difficulty (in) doing sth。
14. How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.
A. to has come B. to have come
C. to having come D. has come
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。
【分析】其實正確答案是A。大家知道，短語 look forward to意為“盼望”，其中的 to 是介詞，而不是不定式符號，所以后接動詞要用動名詞，許多同學(xué)據(jù)此便選擇了C。但問題是，句中介詞 to 的賓語不是have come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday為句子主語，we have been looking forward to 是修飾主語的定語從句(介詞 to 的賓語是引導(dǎo)該定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，被省略)，has come 是句子謂語。請做以下類似試題：
(1) The man you referred to _____ just now.
A. comes B. come
C. coming D. came
答案選D，句子主語為 the man，you referred to 為修飾 the man 的定語從句，空白處填 came，為句子謂語。
(2) The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.
A. proves B. prove
C. proving D. be proved
答案選A，he sticks to 是修飾主語 the theory 的定語從句，句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.
(3) The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising.
A. was B. be
C. being D. been
答案選A，he devoted his time to 是修飾主語 the work 的定語從句。句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The work was worth praising.
(4) I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.
A. to help B. help
C. helping D. helped
答案是 A。句中空格處填的動詞help 并不是 finish 的賓語，正確的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修飾名詞 the very work 的定語從句，finish 的賓語是引導(dǎo)該定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，其后的不定式 to help her 是目的狀語。
(5) Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend, swimming or fishing?
A. spending B. being spent
C. spend D. to spend
答案選 D。enjoy 的賓語是句首的疑問詞 which，不是其后的動詞 spending。此題中的 to spend… 用作目的狀語。
(5) What the boy enjoys _____ to have a room of his own.
A. being B. to be
C. is D. are
答案選C，而不選A。what the boy enjoys 是主語從句，空格處填的 is 為謂語動詞。
(6) Nothing that he suggested _____ to be of any use.
A. prove B. proved C. proving D. to prove
答案選B，而不選C。句子主語是 nothing，that he suggested 是修飾主語的定語從句，suggested 的賓語是引導(dǎo)該定語從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，而不是其后的動詞;句子謂語是 proved。全句意為“他建議的情況沒有一條是有用的。”
(7) The old house we paid a visit _____ at the top of the hill.
A. standing B. to stand
C. to standing D. to stands
答案選D。we paid a visit to 是修飾the old house 的定語從句，句中的stands 為主句謂語。
(8) The life he is now used _____ quite different from ours.
A. is B. to be
C. to being D. to is
答案選D。句中he is now used to 是修飾 the life 的定語從句，to 后的動詞 is 是句子的謂語，句意為“他現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣的這種生活與我們的生活很不相同”。
(9) The work he paid special attention _____ to nothing.
A. came B. to come
C. to coming D. to came
答案選D。句中的he paid special attention to 是修飾 the work 的定語從句，to 后的動詞 came 是句子的謂語，句意為“他特別關(guān)注的那項工作泡湯了”。
(10) The result what he said would lead _____ his regret in the future.
A. is B. to be
C. to being D. to was
答案選D。句中what he said would lead to 是修飾 the result 的定語從句，to 后的動詞 was 是句子的謂語，句意為“他所說的話將導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是他今后的后悔”。
15. _______ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
【陷阱】容易誤選B或C，誤認為這是非謂語動詞作狀語。
【分析】正確答案選A。根據(jù)句中的連詞and 可推知它是一個并列句。假若將此題改為下面這樣，則答案為B：
_______ the road round to the right, you’ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
但是，若改成下面一題這樣，則答案為C(不定式短語表目的)：
_______ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
英語詞匯是高考英語考試的基礎(chǔ)，多看幾個單詞長長記性，也許英語考試剛好就碰上呢。記住，夢想還是要有的，萬一考上了呢。小編也順便在這里預(yù)祝將要高考的同學(xué)們考試順利，高考英語六六六。
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