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三八婦女節(jié)的來歷簡介
在不斷進(jìn)步的時(shí)代，報(bào)告有著舉足輕重的地位，我們在寫報(bào)告的時(shí)候要注意邏輯的合理性。那么，報(bào)告到底怎么寫才合適呢？以下是小編整理的三八婦女節(jié)的來歷簡介，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。
三八婦女節(jié)的來歷
International Womens Day （8 March） is an occasion marked by womens groups around the world。 This date is also commemorated at the United Nations and is designated in many countries as a national holiday。 When women on all continents， often divided by national boundaries and by ethnic， linguistic， cultural， economic and political differences， come together to celebrate their Day， they can look back to a tradition that represents at least nine decades of struggle for equality， justice， peace and development。
International Womens Day is the story of ordinary women as makers of history; it is rooted in the centuries—old struggle of women to participate in society on an equal footing with men。 In ancient Greece， Lysistrata initiated a sexual strike against men in order to end war; during the French Revolution， Parisian women calling for "liberty， equality， fraternity" marched on Versailles to demand womens suffrage。
The idea of an International Womens Day first arose at the turn of the century， which in the industrialized world was a period of expansion and turbulence， booming population growth and radical ideologies。 Following is a brief chronology of the most important events：
1909
In accordance with a declaration by the Socialist Party of America， the first National Womans Day was observed across the United States on 28 February。 Women continued to celebrate it on the last Sunday of that month through 1913。
1910
The Socialist International， meeting in Copenhagen， established a Womens Day， international in character， to honour the movement for womens rights and to assist in achieving universal suffrage for women。 The proposal was greeted with unanimous approval by the conference of over 100 women from 17 countries， which included the first three women elected to the Finnish parliament。 No fixed date was selected for the observance。
1911
As a result of the decision taken at Copenhagen the previous year， International Womens Day was marked for the first time （19 March） in Austria， Denmark， Germany and Switzerland， where more than one million women and men attended rallies。 In addition to the right to vote and to hold public office. they demanded the right to work， to vocational training and to an end to discrimination on the job。
Less than a week later， on 25 March. the tragic Triangle Fire in New York City took the lives of more than 140 working girls， most of them Italian and Jewish immigrants。 This event had a significant impact on labour legislation in the United States， and the working conditions leading up to the disaster were invoked during subsequent observances of International Womens Day。
1913—1914
As part of the peace movement brewing on the eve of World War I， Russian women observed their first International Womens Day on the last Sunday in February 1913。 Elsewhere in Europe， on or around 8 March of the following year， women held rallies either to protest the war or to express solidarity with their sisters。
1917
With 2 million Russian soldiers dead in the war， Russian women again chose the last Sunday in February to strike for "bread and peace"。 Political leaders opposed the timing of the strike， but the women went on anyway。 The rest is history： Four days later the Czar was forced to abdicate and the provisional Government granted women the right to vote。 That historic Sunday fell on 23 February on the Julian calendar then in use in Russia， but on 8 March on the Gregorian calendar in use elsewhere。
Since those early years， International Womens Day has assumed a new global dimension for women in developed and developing countries alike。 The growing international womens movement， which has been strengthened by four global United Nations womens conferences， has helped make the commemoration a rallying point for coordinated efforts to demand womens rights and participation in the political and economic process。 Increasingly， International Womens Day is a time to reflect on progress made， to call for change and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of womens rights。
The Role of the United Nations
Few causes promoted by the United Nations have generated more intense and widespread support than the campaign to promote and protect the equal rights of women。 The Charter of the United Nations， signed in San Francisco in 1945， was the first international agreement to proclaim gender equality as a fundamental human right。 Since then， the Organization has helped create a historic legacy of internationally agreed strategies， standards， programmes and goals to advance the status of women worldwide。
Over the years， United Nations action for the advancement of women has taken four clear directions： promotion of legal measures; mobilization of public opinion and international action; training and research， including the compilation of gender desegregated statistics; and direct assistance to disadvantaged groups。 Today a central organizing principle of the work of the United Nations is that no enduring solution to societys most threatening social， economic and political problems can be found without the full participation， and the full empowerment， of the worlds women。
三八婦女節(jié)的來歷簡介
19世紀(jì)西方資本主義開始蓬勃發(fā)展，資本家開始雇傭女工，但是令人吃驚的是女工和男工同樣的工作時(shí)長以及同樣的工作強(qiáng)度，但是女工和男工沒有同樣的報(bào)酬。女工每天大概要工作16—17個(gè)小時(shí)，并且沒有任何休息日，近況十分悲慘，婦女的勞動(dòng)力完全被資本家敲骨吸髓，壓榨殆盡。
就在1908年3月8日，具有覺醒意識(shí)的1500名婦女在美國紐約市游行，強(qiáng)烈要求縮短工作時(shí)間，并且一定要提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬，并且還為自己爭取應(yīng)有的選舉權(quán)，還向企業(yè)家提出禁止使用童工，5月美國社會(huì)黨決定以2月的最后一個(gè)星期日作為國內(nèi)的婦女節(jié)，從這開始婦女節(jié)就誕生了。
1910年8月，第2屆國際社會(huì)主義婦女代表大會(huì)在丹麥的哥本哈根如期舉行。此次會(huì)議的最重要的一個(gè)決定就是通過了美國婦女舉行游行示威的3月8日定為國際婦女節(jié)。
在中國婦女第一次紀(jì)念38婦女節(jié)，是在1924年在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，廣州的勞動(dòng)?jì)D女聯(lián)合了各界被壓迫婦女舉行了紀(jì)念會(huì)，所以在1924年之后，中國一直有過婦女節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)。
1949年新中國成立之后，我國作出重要決定，將3月8日定為婦女節(jié)，并且在該節(jié)制，全國婦女可以放假半天，全國各地都可以各種各樣的形式來紀(jì)念這一個(gè)節(jié)日，中國婦女的地位得到了普遍的上升。
在聯(lián)合國介紹國際婦女節(jié)的網(wǎng)頁上，把“三八”國際婦女節(jié)的起源歸因于20世紀(jì)初期一系列的婦女運(yùn)動(dòng)大事，這些事件包括：1909年，美國社會(huì)黨人將2月28日定為全國婦女日；1910年，第二國際哥本哈根會(huì)議上以克拉拉。蔡特金為首的來自17個(gè)國家的100余名婦女代表籌劃設(shè)立國際婦女節(jié)，但未規(guī)定確切的日期；1911年3月19日，奧地利、丹麥、德國和瑞士等國有超過100萬婦女集會(huì)慶祝國際婦女節(jié)。
1913年2月的最后一個(gè)周日，俄羅斯婦女以舉行反對第一次世界大戰(zhàn)示威游行的方式慶祝了她們的國際婦女節(jié)；1914年3月8日，歐洲多國婦女舉行反戰(zhàn)示威游行；1917年3月8日（俄歷2月23日），為紀(jì)念在一戰(zhàn)中喪生的近200萬俄羅斯婦女，俄羅斯婦女舉行罷工，拉開了“二月革命”的序幕，4天后，沙皇被迫退位，臨時(shí)政府宣布賦予婦女選舉權(quán)。
可以說，正是20世紀(jì)初這一系列發(fā)生在歐洲和美洲的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)共同促成了“三八”國際婦女節(jié)的誕生，而不是人們想當(dāng)然的“國際婦女節(jié)”只是國際共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的遺產(chǎn)。
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