- 相關(guān)推薦
雅思寫作開頭不用模板你還會(huì)寫嗎?
今天你可以學(xué)到:
1. 低分開頭的普遍問(wèn)題
2. 開頭到底應(yīng)該包含什么信息
3. 具體怎么寫給力的開頭
首先讓咱們來(lái)看看寫作題目是什么樣子的:
Task: Money for postgraduate research is limited. Financial support from government should only be used for scientific research, not the less useful research .
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Bad Intro like this:Nowadays, in contemporary society, with the rapid development of education, a much debated issue is whether government should only give financial support to scientific research not others. Some people believe government should give money to scientific research. However, for my part, this view is not convincing.
同學(xué)們看到的上文是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的套模板開頭,是不是感覺(jué)特別的似曾相識(shí)呢?現(xiàn)在問(wèn)你們一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題,如果不許用模板上的句式,你還會(huì)寫開頭么?
為什么說(shuō)套模板不好呢?并不是說(shuō)這些句型句式不好,而是考官已經(jīng)看膩了,看到頭兩個(gè)詞就已經(jīng)猜到了你后邊是怎么說(shuō)的了。要知道考官每天要判N份試卷,如果沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)新意的開頭,那么首先來(lái)說(shuō),印象分就已經(jīng)是負(fù)分了好么!
如何寫一個(gè)考官喜歡,考生放心的開頭呢?
作為一個(gè)好的雅思作文開頭應(yīng)該是 funnel -shapped Intro(漏斗形開頭段)。由三部分組成:
Background(文章背景)
↓↓↓
Paraphrase topic(改寫題目)
↓↓↓
outline(表明立場(chǎng))
所謂漏斗形開頭段,就是從文章背景開始介紹到表明立場(chǎng),一步一步的narrow down 縮小范圍。這點(diǎn)和將來(lái)大家出國(guó)以后必然會(huì)寫的學(xué)術(shù)文章是一樣的?梢哉f(shuō)雅思大作文就是精簡(jiǎn)版的學(xué)術(shù)文章。
下面就讓我們一步一步的來(lái)細(xì)說(shuō)說(shuō)應(yīng)該怎么寫。
Background
作為開頭中的開頭,第一句話介紹背景信息的時(shí)候?qū)W會(huì)如何抓住讀者。這里我們可以有三種思路來(lái)寫。
1由重要事實(shí)為導(dǎo)向引入
As a society, we reap the rewards from academic research and experimental study in the form of technological innovations, knowledge expansion and the development of national policies, but we also help pay for them.描述了文章背景的事實(shí),同樣也介紹了文章的大環(huán)境是怎么樣的。
2由問(wèn)題為導(dǎo)向引入
In a perfect society, money would not matter—all studies would be completely accomplished and thereby to promote the quality of living. But of course, in the real world, money is always the factor hampering the researches thought meaningless in public eyes.有由問(wèn)題為導(dǎo)向引入,上來(lái)就說(shuō)在理想化社會(huì)中,錢不是問(wèn)題,但是在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,沒(méi)有錢是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不能的。
3由例子為導(dǎo)向引入
During a time when many families have made financial sacrifices to make ends meet, the government still continues to spend on some studies that are thought frivolous, for example, American National Institute of Health spending taxpayers’ more than 0.3 million dollars on a study to see if mothers love dogs as much as they love kids.這種方法屬于不叫高端的高富帥寫法,需要平時(shí)的積累,由一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的case引入,這種寫法如果沒(méi)有深厚的積累,那么確實(shí)這種寫法就不建議大家使用了。
大的背景環(huán)境描寫清楚了,下一步就是改寫題目,告訴大家這篇問(wèn)題具體要說(shuō)什么問(wèn)題。
Paraphrase Topic
改寫改寫,當(dāng)然就是不能照抄啦,至少要把動(dòng)詞,句式換一換,主被動(dòng)前后顛倒一下。這里一共有三個(gè)小技巧教大家如何改寫題目:
1替換詞原文是:Financial support from government should only be used for scientific research, not the less useful research.
替換詞有:
financial support: fund/subsidy/fiscal income
be used for: be allocated to; be distributed to; be spent on
research: study; investigation
less useful: less valuable; meaningless; frivolous; non-essential
2翻譯改變句型
關(guān)鍵詞都替換掉了,但是句型還是沒(méi)變啊,所以這時(shí)候就需要改變句型。對(duì)于語(yǔ)法沒(méi)那么好的同學(xué)可以試著把英文翻譯成中文,再由中文去改變表達(dá)方式,最后再翻譯成英文,這時(shí)候你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),跟題目中的原文已經(jīng)完全不一樣啦!
原文翻譯:
政府應(yīng)該花錢給科學(xué)研究不是沒(méi)用的研究。
↓↓↓
中文改編:
相比于那些不會(huì)帶來(lái)顯著價(jià)值的研究,科學(xué)探索應(yīng)該得到政府更大的財(cái)力援助。
↓↓↓
最后再翻譯成英文:
rather than those studies which cannot bring remarkable value, scientific exploration should be more funded by government.
政府沒(méi)有必要撥款給那些被眾人認(rèn)為沒(méi)有實(shí)際價(jià)值的非科學(xué)研究。
It is not essential for government to allocate money to those non-scientific studies which can hardly bring practical value.
Outline
終于到了最后表達(dá)立場(chǎng)的階段了。在這個(gè)部分里面需要大家表明自己到底站在那一邊。在這里需要注意的是根據(jù)題目要求不同,這個(gè)部分也會(huì)有一些小的區(qū)別。
針對(duì)于agree & disagree 表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)類類的題型,(如本篇文章所用的題目)就需要在?Introduction階段的最后表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。
對(duì)于discuss 雙邊討論類的文章則不需要表明立場(chǎng),因?yàn)槲恼戮褪切枰阌懻撾p方觀點(diǎn)。
最后,對(duì)于原因和影響 類的文章要求,在開頭段的最后則需要寫出影響是什么。
針對(duì)于比較?嫉 agree & disagree 類文章,如本題,可以這么些:
Personally, I do not suppose the sole focus of government on scientific study wise when considering about the various problems that need to be addressed and the potential value of non-scientific research.
最后紅字部分,表達(dá)如果在考場(chǎng)上時(shí)間比較緊張或者還沒(méi)想好觀點(diǎn),則可以不寫。
最后的小提示
為了方便講解,本文在開頭背景部分會(huì)稍微長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn),所以同學(xué)們可以縮短一些,一般開頭段落寫夠50-60字左右就夠了。
另外同學(xué)們可以大膽寫反方觀點(diǎn),因?yàn)榇蟛糠挚忌枷矚g寫支持正方觀點(diǎn),所以如果你支持反方觀點(diǎn)的話,你就更可以吸引考官的注意力啦!當(dāng)然如果你不會(huì)寫反方的觀點(diǎn),那么也不要強(qiáng)行去寫,那就得不償失了。
是不是覺(jué)得挺難的?那是因?yàn)橥瑢W(xué)們習(xí)慣了各種套模板,所以希望同學(xué)們可以從今天開始,嘗試自己寫開頭,拋棄模板,這樣你才能拋棄萬(wàn)年寫作5.5分的厄運(yùn)~
【雅思寫作開頭不用你還會(huì)寫嗎?】相關(guān)文章:
雅思寫作如何寫好開頭段03-04
雅思作文寫作開頭結(jié)尾技巧大全03-08
雅思寫作范文精選01-22
雅思寫作素材精選03-03
雅思寫作題目精選03-04
雅思寫作誤區(qū)03-20
雅思作文開頭結(jié)尾常用模板05-31
雅思寫作高分秘籍03-29