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托福寫(xiě)作素材分類(lèi)
托福寫(xiě)做素材分類(lèi)積累會(huì)讓大家記憶得比較有條絮。下面是小編分享的托福寫(xiě)作素材分類(lèi)，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助!
事業(yè)工作類(lèi)詞匯
Have a positive attitude towards 對(duì)。。。持積極態(tài)度
例句：People should have positiveattitude towards fulfilling their potential.
Obtain an entry-level position 獲得最底層職位
例句： Whena person obtains an entry-level position, he or she must have a lot of thingsto learn.
Encourage competition 鼓勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
例句：A good supervisor knows how to encouragecompetition among employees.
Make up for a loss 彌補(bǔ)損失
例句： As a way to make up for aloss, companies have to lay off many of their employees.
Work overtime 加班
例句：Employeessometimes have to work over time without extra payment.
Get a promotion 得到升職
例句：Getting a promotion at a largecompany is as difficult as finding a new job.
Return corporate profits to society 將企業(yè)盈利回報(bào)給社會(huì)
例句： Inthis day and age, an increasing number of companies are returning corporateprofits to society.
Submit one’s resume 遞交簡(jiǎn)歷
例句： When you apply for a job,you have to submit your resume.
Make a profit 獲利
例句：Even garbage is an importantelement to make a profit.
Raise the prestige of 提高聲望
例句：The quality of a product raisesthe prestige of the company which made it.
Develop interpersonal skills 培養(yǎng)處理人際關(guān)系的能力
例句：In order to get a high positionin a company, you should develop interpersonal skills.
Meet the qualifications 合格
例句： Before applying for a job,you should make sure if you meet the qualifications of the job position.
Be in great demand 需求旺盛
例句： These days, computers arein great demand, so we can see computer commercials on TV very often.
Feel a sense of accomplishment 有成就感
例句： In a group project, youcan feel a sense of accomplishment and share it with others.
Boost the economy 促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展
例句：Interest rate is one of the mostimportant factors to boost the economy.
Overcome the economic recession 克服經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退
例句：Everyone’s effort is needed toovercome the economic recession.
Climb the corporate ladder 升職
例句：You must compete with others inorder to climb the corporate ladder.
Urge someone to do 敦促/極力主張某人做某事
例句： A company cannot urge itsemployees to devote their whole lives to the company.
政府類(lèi)文章素材
要說(shuō)一個(gè)國(guó)家窮還是富，很多童鞋應(yīng)該不清楚要用什么樣的標(biāo)尺來(lái)形容。就說(shuō)中國(guó)吧，說(shuō)咱們國(guó)家富，好像不合適，說(shuō)咱們國(guó)家窮吧，好像也不合適，這里屌絲君先給大家腦補(bǔ)一個(gè)指數(shù)，HDI。那么這到底是啥，請(qǐng)看：
Norway has the highest standard of living in the world and Niger the lowest, according to the UN's Human Development Index. The index takes into account life expectancy and education as well as income per person. South Africa's AIDS epidemic has left it in 120th place in the rankings, despite its relatively high income. The country has fallen 35 places since 1990.
原來(lái)所謂的HDI就指的是human development index，這個(gè)指數(shù)綜合了一個(gè)國(guó)家人民的壽命，受教育程度以及人均收入這些因素。上圖排在首位的是挪威，毋庸置疑人家的日子過(guò)得瀟灑;咱們大中國(guó)排在了85位，仍需努力啊;排在最后的是尼日爾，那么為什么這個(gè)國(guó)家這么悲催呢，請(qǐng)看報(bào)道：
Niger is once again in the grip of a food crisis, if not a full-blown famine. The distress sales of livestock, the heavy migration and the deprivation the country suffered in the early 1970s have all revisited it again this year. Niger is, by the reckoning of the UN’s Human Development Index, the poorest place on earth. Most of its inhabitants eke out a living growing subsistence crops on small plots of dusty, infertile land. Despite this agricultural bias, the drought-stricken country cannot feed itself, even in good years. An estimated 2.5m people out of a total of 17m have no secure source of food. When harvests fail, which they do almost annually, that number shoots up. In 2012, when the worst of the recent food crises ravaged the Sahel region, almost a quarter of Niger’s population was said to be going hungry, prompting desperate relief campaigns by international donors.
看完第一句話咱們就明白了，尼日爾在鬧饑荒呀，in the grip of 就是被控制的意思，尼日爾現(xiàn)在整個(gè)國(guó)家都在被饑荒虐了，家畜不好賣(mài)，大量的人口遷移。尼日爾的人民只能在灰常貧瘠的土地上種植口糧強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。eke out a living 就是勉強(qiáng)度日的意思，用來(lái)形容保守貧窮折磨的人們?cè)俸线m不過(guò)了。在這個(gè)旱災(zāi)多發(fā)的國(guó)家，即使在good years豐年，人們也沒(méi)有足夠的食物。尼日爾17oo萬(wàn)人口中就有250萬(wàn)人沒(méi)有固定的食物來(lái)源啊，也就是說(shuō)這些人吃了上頓沒(méi)有下頓。那么在災(zāi)年的時(shí)候，這個(gè)沒(méi)飯吃的'人就更多了。這可謂是饑餓肆虐。food crises ravaged the Sahel region...ravage 就是表達(dá)蹂躪，毀壞的意思，那我們這個(gè)用法就可以總結(jié)成： 災(zāi)難+ravage+地區(qū)。下面我們接著看一下尼日爾的人民是處在怎樣一個(gè)水深火熱的情況中的：
HAOWA was already struggling to feed five children before she gave birth to triplets in the Gabi region of southern Niger 19 months ago. Now, when her babies scream for food she often finds herself helpless. “If they cry and I have nothing to give them, then I must let them cry,” she says, cradling two infants who bear the hallmarks of malnutrition. Their hair is yellowing, their bellies are distended and their expressions glazed. They lack the energy to shake the flies from their faces. It is a dismal but depressingly common picture in west Africa’s largest country.
看完這段話第一個(gè)趕腳就是當(dāng)?shù)氐暮⒆犹啾屏�，營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良，肚子腫脹，雙眼無(wú)神，餓到連把臉上的蒼蠅趕走的力氣都沒(méi)有了。但是話說(shuō)食物這么少，為什么媽媽還要生那么多孩子呢。文章中說(shuō)這位媽媽本來(lái)養(yǎng)活五個(gè)孩子就已經(jīng)很勉強(qiáng)了，然后這位媽媽又生了三個(gè)孩子，這不就是add salt on the injuries,雪上加霜嘛，我們繼續(xù)看：
This perpetual food crisis is compounded by doggedly high fertility rates. With an average of 7.6 children per woman, Niger has the world’s highest rates. Poverty, ignorance and poor access to contraception are contributing factors, as are cultural issues like competition between wives. Men in Niger tend to be polygamous, and local doctors note that their spouses often try to prove their value by outdoing each other in child births. This contributes to Niger having the highest population growth rate on earth. At current projections, the number of inhabitants will more than triple between now and 2050 to 55m.
尼日爾居高不下的人口出生率也是導(dǎo)致漫長(zhǎng)饑荒的重要因素。doggedly 表示頑強(qiáng)地，那么doggedly high 就是指居高不下的。尼日爾平均每個(gè)女人生7.6個(gè)孩子，這是世界上最高的人口出生率。貧窮加上對(duì)避孕的無(wú)知已經(jīng)缺少避孕的途徑導(dǎo)致了尼日爾的人口出生率極其地高。然而另一個(gè)文化層面的因素我們也不能或略，就是妻子之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。尼日爾是一夫多妻制。也就是多個(gè)女人天天圍著同一個(gè)男人轉(zhuǎn)。那么如何使自己在丈夫的其他老婆中勝出呢，這么女人們就靠多生孩子來(lái)證明自己的價(jià)值，按照這個(gè)速度發(fā)展，到2050年尼日爾的人口就會(huì)增長(zhǎng)到5500萬(wàn)。
教育類(lèi)詞匯素材
1.Cultivate/foster/nurture 培養(yǎng)
2.Well-rounded, versatile 全面發(fā)展的，多才多藝的
3.Impart/inculcate knowledge, instill virtues and high values 傳授知識(shí)，灌輸美德，價(jià)值觀念
4.Mould character 塑造品格
5.Learn sth by rote，memorize facts死記硬背
6.Follow sb/sth blindly/indiscriminately 盲從
7.Extinguish/stifle/constrain student’s creativity 扼殺學(xué)生創(chuàng)造力
8.Think independently/critically 獨(dú)立思考，思辨
9.Create undue pressure 制造不必要的'壓力
10.Peer pressure同伴壓力
11.Indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief 違紀(jì)行為
12.Disruptive/unruly students 不服管教的學(xué)生
13.Curriculum, extra-curricular activities 課程總稱(chēng)，課外活動(dòng)
14.Aptitude/talent/gift, ability/skill 天賦，(后天可以培養(yǎng)的)能力，技能
15.Schooling, upbringing 學(xué)校教育，家庭養(yǎng)育
16.A school is a society in miniature. 學(xué)校是微觀的社會(huì)。
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