GRE填空小技巧

GRE填空小技巧

　　引導語：如何做GRE填空題呢?下面小編就為大家整理了一些小技巧，希望能夠幫助到大家。

　　一、根據關鍵詞匯來判斷語言上的基本邏輯關系

　　因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)轉折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)遞進、(even, indeed………)對比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。

　　二、尋找句子中的重復關系

　　作為研究生院入學的參考考試，也許是為了體現內容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各個學科的背景知識。同時基于對所有學科學生都要公平的原則，所有的題目在解題點上都不涉及背景知識。為了做到這一點，很多時候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用語言上的線索提示你去把它找出來。以下是提供重復線索的幾種常見形式：

　　1.簡單的直接重復

　　The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.

　　A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration

　　盡管大自然的美確實很重要，但污染的消除不僅是什么問題，當然不僅是美的問題。

　　Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.

　　A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt

　　搖滾樂手很少自嘲，盡管什么東西能促進錄像短片的銷售，當然就填自嘲。

　　Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world ___of___.

　　A. bereft.. theatricality B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity

　　E. devoid.. neutrality

　　Melodramas這個詞不認識也沒關系，既然它表現的是無辜與罪行、道德與墮落、善與惡之間的刻板對立，那么它提供給觀眾什么樣的世界呢?當然是刻板對立的世界，只有E選項符合要求。

　　2. 解釋型重復

　　The Muses are___deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.

　　A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate

　　冒號后面的內容就是正確選項D這個詞的釋義，所以不知道繆斯是什么東西也能輕松選對。

　　Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents___.

　　A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness

　　冒號后面的內容解釋了民主方式運作的工作團體中為何少有嚴重的沖突，所以即使看不懂a modicum of

　　tolerance for dissent是什么東西，也應該知道這個東西避免了嚴重沖突，故選B。

　　3.根據語法結構推斷重復：

　　The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.

　　A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre.. deviation

　　D. oration.. grandiloquence E. achievement.. rigidity

　　a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位語，所以第一空格填form的同義或近義詞，that permits very little___. 這個從句完成后應為strict的同義或近義詞。

　　Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very

　　recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.

　　A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable

　　這道題同樣，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同義重復，所以空格應填入文獻學家關注的事實，已知的五個選項里顯然只有B選項的statistical(統計的)是文獻學家的份內工作。

　　4. 憑借具有指示作用的形容詞或代詞來尋找重復

　　Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.

　　A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined

　　D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted

　　下半句的such a coincidence說明第一空格的動詞填入后應體現為是一種巧合，兩個看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一樣的東西(非相關專業的絕大部分學生是不太可能認識mitochondria和chloroplasts這兩個詞的)怎樣了一個長的、可以認為是一模一樣的DNA序列就是一個巧合呢?當然只有D的 share表示了這個意思。

　　Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.

　　A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable

　　D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable

　　Which指代逗號前面的那句話，也就是“法律不保障社會秩序”，這就使得法律怎樣呢?當然只有D選項的ineffective符合句意。

　　三、對于含義晦澀的句子，判斷語氣或感情色彩是有效地解決方法，有時候甚至是唯一的方法。

　　Johnson never ___ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if ___ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.

　　A. deigned.. tacit B. attempted.. halfhearted C. intended.. direct

　　D. scrupled.. literal E. wished.. feigned

　　這句話對于英語閱讀能力較差的學生來說，通過正常的閱讀理解來做還是有些難度的。但是如果注意到whatever the effects on his subordinates(無論對下級產生什么影響)的語氣，就可以判斷第一空格填入后應表示johnson干的不是什么好事，唯一符合這一判斷的是D選項。

　　Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ___ their efforts to build a progressive party than the ___ of the progressives already elected to the legislature.

　　A. support for.. advocacy B. threat to.. promise C. benefit from.. success

　　D. obstacle to.. resistance E. praise for.. reputation

　　如果知道encounter的正確用法，就可以判斷第一空格應填入一個負面色彩的詞，這樣就輕松排除了A、C、E三個選項，結合后面的意思來看，只能選D。

　　Although ___ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin

　　is the realization that one's own nature is irremediably ___.

　　A. contrition.. resilient B. certitude.. confident C.skepticism.. innocent

　　D. remorse.. flawed E. resignation. frivolous

　　第二空格被副詞irremediably(不可救藥地)修飾，根據這個詞帶出的語氣可以判斷第二空格應填入一個負面色彩的詞，符合這一判斷的只有D、 E兩個選項。第一空格remorse的意思完全地對應“regret for having done something wrong”，故選D。

　　Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collective attempt to ___ experience by reducing it into discrete parcels.

　　A. extrapolate B. transcribe C. complicate D. amplify E. manage

　　這句話如果沒有看過相關背景的書籍幾乎是不可理解的，但是我們可以通過語氣和感情色彩的判斷來排除錯誤的選項，最終剩下一個看不出錯的選項，也就是正確選項了。因為語言是對抗經驗的陰謀(conspiracy against)，所以空格應填入一個負面色彩的動作，只有C選項(使復雜化、使變得麻煩)和E選項(manage除了中性的經營管理之外，還可以表示負面的操縱控制)符合這一判斷。結合方式狀語by reducing(減少、分解、簡化)來看，C選項應被排除，最后剩下仍然看不懂句意的E選項就對了。

　　四、推理判斷時注意避免發散思維

　　Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are ___ would be expected to be very ___, but, surprisingly, they are not.

　　A. lethal.. rare B. untreated.. dangerous C. unusual.. refractory

　　D. new.. perplexing E. widespread.. acute

　　根據consequently提示的上下因果關系我們可以判斷第一空格應填入severe的同義或反義，表示嚴重或不嚴重的詞只有A選項。B選項表示未曾治療的，D不用說了。C、E兩個選項其實和是否嚴重沒有關系，很多時候干擾選項的設置上利用了我們的習慣思維不縝密的、容易想當然的弱點。很多人會認為不尋常的、很少見的疾病就是嚴重的，尋常的、隨處可見的疾病就是不嚴重的。但是只要稍微想一下就知道這里面沒有任何必然的關系。

　　Although ___, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong ___ publicity and controversy.

　　A. conventional.. interest in B. monotonous.. reliance on C. shy.. aversion toward

　　D. retiring.. penchant for E. evasive.. impatience with

　　第二空格根據轉折關系顯然只能選A、D兩個選項，第一空格會有很多人覺得A選項可以選，因為覺得傳統的人就是不喜歡拋頭露面的，不喜歡與人爭吵的。同樣只要想想就該知道這里面沒有任何必然的關系，并且即便我們中國傳統的人真是這樣，這里也沒說他是中國人。這種干擾選項的設置路數和上一道題的感覺是完全一樣的。

　　Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously ___.

　　A. meditative B. tepid C. categorical D. unoriginal E. insightful

　　干擾選項的設置和上兩道題完全一樣，A選項的沉思冥想并不表示她所應具有的高興振奮的態度的相反，正確選項應為B選項(微溫的，缺乏熱情或激情的)，直接表明了與興奮激動的態度的相反特征。

　　五、ETS總是傾向于把詞義的對應上最為直接的、形同廢話的選項設為正確選項

　　The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a ___ system; its strata remain ___ and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.

　　A. health.. skilled B. delivery.. basic C. regimental.. flexible

　　D. training.. inferior E. caste.. intact

　　醫療職業的等級(hierarchy)在許多方面是一個等級體系(caste system)

　　The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ___, most frequently by human intervention.

　　A. celebrated B. predicted C. observed D. disturbed E. questioned

　　被掠食者和掠食者之間的自然平衡被人類的干擾(intervention)干擾(disturbed)了

　　Poe's ___ reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise ___ literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.

　　A. thorough.. completed B. petulant.. unpopular C. insightful.. unappreciated

　　D. enthusiastic.. acclaimed E. harsh.. undeserving

　　愛倫坡有判斷力的(insightful)現代小說評論使得我們佩服他的判斷力(critical judgment)

　　Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly ___ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.

　　A.appreciated B. emulated C. criticized D. revised E. reprinted

　　十分恰當的是，這部充滿了變遷(changing)的時代、變遷的風格的作品多年以來一直被改變(revise)，從而反映了它自身的可變性(mutability)

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