英文論文寫作常用詞匯和短語

英文論文寫作常用詞匯和短語

　　不知不覺已經快進入4月了，大四的同學們在這段時間內一定面臨著畢業論文這一大難題!為此YJBYS小編特意在網上搜集了英文論文寫作常用詞匯和短語，希望對大家有幫助。

　　差別 gaps between, differentiate between, discrepancies，no intergroup difference

　　No statistically significant differences in survival were found for MMC or MPMA.

　　Although MMC and MPMA decreased with increasing nuclear grade and TNM stage, this difference failed to achieve statistical significance.

　　存在，出現 occurred, occurrence ,existed, existence, presence, present

　　多數，少數 the overwhelming majority of, in the majority of cases ，a marked majority, handful

　　方法 approaches, avenues, methods, techniques, means, tools

　　發生率 Incidence, frequency, prevalence

　　In contrast with regions of high incidence, the mutation spectrum did not show a high prevalence of mutations at A:T base pairs.

　　發現，闡明，報道，證實 verify, confirm, elucidate, identify, define, characterize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illuminate, illustrate，demonstrate, show, indicate, exhibit, presented, reveal, display, manifest，suggest, propose, estimate, prove, imply, disclose，report, describe，facilitate the identification of ，screening ，isolation

　　改變 change, alteration,

　　高，增加 high, enhanced, elevated, increased, forced

　　各種，多種 in multiple types of neoplasia, in various types of apoptosis, in a variety of tumors

　　關系，相關，參與 closely involved in, associated,

　　廣泛的 in an extensive survey

　　進行 conducte， perform, carry out,

　　降，少，缺 decrease, reduction, reduced, diminish, loss, suppression, deficient, low, weak, faint, light, absence, absent, undetectable, lack ,defective, negative,poor,impaired, greatly reduced or completely absent, frequently lost or down-expressed, presented discontinuous and weaker expression, completely negative, was not detectable or dramatically reduced, very faint, was undetectable or barely detectable, no expression was found,

　　角色，起作用 role, part (limited, potential, early, possible role)，serve antiapoptotic functions

　　可能性 feasibility

　　密切地 intimately

　　難理解的，似謎的 enigmatic (x remains enigmatic)

　　潛在假定的 potential, candidate, putative,

　　縮寫 abbreviations

　　識別，辨別 discernment

　　事件

　　Metastasis to the liver is a common event in clinical oncology.

　　a putative tumor initiating event

　　a (more, extremely, highly, rather, fairly) common initial,

　　a common event in the signal transduction mechanisms of, in the signal transduction processes

　　a common event associated with the mechanisms of

　　a common early event in responses of, after high-dose chemotherapy

　　a common event following gestational exposure to immunotoxicants

　　a common event (that occurs) during apoptosis is……

　　a common event during oncogenic transformation, in neoplastic transformation that directly or indirectly involves activation of specific tyrosine kinase signaling pathways

　　a common event through which

　　a common event in vivo

　　a rather common event of unknown biological significance

　　a common event resulting from heterogeneous aberrations

　　a common event regardless of histological subtyping, but does not bear any pejorative significance

　　a common event contributing to

　　a rare, common, prerequisite, central, major, transient, initiation, stressful, critical, crucial, secondary, independent, regulatory, early, earlier, late, later, subsequent, circumstantial, untoward, upstream, irreversible, very frequent event

　　提供，幫助 provide, supply, help (to), contribute to, offer, allow, dedicate, devote, assist in

　　調節(失調，上調，下調)dis-regulation, dys-regulation, up-regulation, up-expression, over-expression, down-expression, down-regulation,

　　推測 presume,speculate ,confer, conjecture ,guess, deduce，deduction (推論)

　　無所不在地 (表達，如 MEN1)ubiquitously

　　顯著, 優先的 prominent, pronounced, obvious, marked, predominant, strong, striking ,notable, Conspicuously, remarkably，significant, preferential, prevalence, prevalent,

　　相關性

　　related, more relevant with ，the relevance of

　　no intergroup difference，irrespective of

　　There was no significant correlation to gender, age, clinical symptoms, histology, T or N status, TNM stage, or tumor location.

　　Neither eNOS nor nNOS expression was associated with vascular density, tumor grade or the TNM status of the tumors.

　　No correlations were found between bFGF and age, menopausal status, TNM or pTNM, histology, SBR grading or steroid receptors.

　　we did not find any correlation between bax expression and any clinicopathologic parameters (sex, age, TNM status, tumor grade, histological type).

　　相同，同等并列

　　The coordinated induction of all three FOXO3a targets prompted us to examine the status of FOXO3a itself

　　with a similar pattern to

　　協同，加強

　　synergize with

　　研究 analysis, survey, study, research, investigation, experiments, trial, observations, assessment, inquiry, examinations ,pursue investigation into, analyze, detect, determinate, be focused on, measure, examine, test, assess, evaluate, explore,

　　一致

　　which is in accord with the results

　　which corroborated the results

　　which supported the results

　　優缺點 merits and drawbacks，beneficial and detrimental

　　異常 aberration, abnormality

　　重要 crucial, key, important, major, be of critical importance

　　相反

　　On the contrary,

　　In contrary,

　　but quite on the contrary

　　in sharp contrast,

　　contrary to what would be expected

　　Contrary to the expectation that

　　Contrary to previous beliefs,

　　Contrary to the hypothesis,

　　Contrary to current popular truisms

　　Contrary to current cognitive theories,

　　However, contrary to expectation,…….

　　Contrary to predictions,…

　　in contrast to previous observations…

　　Contrary to prediction,……

　　Contrary to most previous claims,

　　與一起 in combination with, coupled with

　　由于、鑒于

　　In light of

　　In view that

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