異國風俗介紹:加拿大感恩節
每年加拿大和美國都會舉辦感恩節 (Thanksgiving Day)來慶祝豐收、感謝大自然、感謝上蒼,賜給我們豐沛的陽光與甘露,讓谷物生長,使我們平安又度過一年,是感恩的主題。
但不是同一天,加拿大的感恩節是每年十月第二個周一,規定從這一天起休假三天;這一天就相當于中國的中秋節,是團聚的日子,即時漂泊在外的人也都要在節日前趕回去與家人團聚,吃火雞,狂歡,享受難得的快樂。
傳統的烤火雞,是在雞腹中塞滿以面包丁、洋蔥、芹菜、鼠尾草為主的作料之后,放入烤箱中充足的烘烤即可上桌。一般的主婦喜歡越大越好,因為當天吃不完的,巧手就可變化成火雞派、火雞餡餅,頗有我們吃年菜的味道。
至于南瓜派,加拿大最傳統的吃法,是淋上盛產的蔓越莓醬汁(Cranberry sauce),而做南瓜派的小心得,據加國友人透露,以罐頭南瓜制作會比新鮮的來的香醇順口。
節日意義
感恩節就其意義和慶祝方式來說,從1621年以來,幾乎沒有什么變化。在這一天,各個教派的教堂都開放,向上帝的慷慨恩賜表示感謝。感恩節是個家庭節日,全國各地,丈夫和妻子、孩子和老人,從市到鎮、從鎮到鄉、從鄉到莊,都回到老家共度節日。回不了家的人也打長途電話和父母家人暢談,分享感恩的事。感恩節的正餐,全國上下實際上都一樣。餐桌上總是擺滿了各式各樣的美味食品。自然主要是火雞。吃南瓜餡餅是讓大家記得當年印第安人曾送給第一批定居者這樣的禮物。在大多數家庭里,飯后都會做一些傳統的游戲。感恩節是一項愉快的慶祝活動,是一個家庭團聚的日子,是重敘友情的時刻。在那一天,就是單身漢也總是被邀請到別人的家里,同大家一起分享感恩的歡樂,并且感謝上帝的恩惠。這也是感恩節的意義所在。
感恩節的英語介紹
ThanksgivingDay is the most truly American of the national Holidays in the United Statesand is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.
In 1620, the settlers,or Pilgrims, they sailed to America on the May flower, seeking a place wherethey could have freedom of worship. After a tempestuous two-month voyage theylanded at in icy November, what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.
During their firstwinter, over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics. Those whosurvived began sowing in the first spring.
All summer long theywaited for the harvests with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and thefuture existence of the colony depended on the coming harvest. Finally thefields produced a yield rich beyond expectations. And therefore it was decidedthat a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed. Years later, President of theUnited States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Dayevery year. The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on that dateuntil today.
The pattern of theThanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years. The big familydinner is planned months ahead. On the dinner table, people will find apples,oranges, chestnuts, walnuts and grapes. There will be plum pudding, mince pie,other varieties of food and cranberry juice and squash. The best and mostattractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie. They have been the mosttraditional and favorite food on Thanksgiving Day throughout the years.
Everyone agrees thedinner must be built around roast turkey stuffed with a bread dressing toabsorb the tasty juices as it roasts. But as cooking varies with families andwith the regions where one lives, it is not easy to get a consensus on theprecise kind of stuffing for the royal bird.
Thanksgiving today is,in every sense, a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths andbackgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year' s bounty andreverently ask for continued blessings.
感恩節是美國國定假日中最地道、最美國式的節日,而且它和早期美國歷史最為密切相關。
1620年,一些朝圣者(或稱為清教徒)乘坐"五月花"號船去美國尋求宗教自由。他們在海上顛簸折騰了兩個月之后,終于在酷寒的十一月里,在現在的馬薩諸塞州的普里茅斯登陸。
在第一個冬天,半數以上的移民都死于饑餓和傳染病,活下來的人們在第一個春季開始播種。整個夏天他們都熱切地盼望著豐收的到來,他們深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在與否都將取決于即將到來的收成。后來,莊稼獲得了意外的豐收,所以大家決定要選一個日子來感謝上帝的恩典。多年以后,美國總統宣布每年十一月的第四個星期四為感恩節。感恩節慶;顒颖愣ㄔ谶@一天,直到如今。
感恩節慶祝模式許多年來從未改變。豐盛的家宴早在幾個月之前就開始著手準備。人們在餐桌上可以吃到蘋果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄,還有葡萄干布丁、碎肉餡餅、各種其它食物以及紅莓苔汁和鮮果汁,其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火雞和番瓜餡餅,這些菜一直是感恩節中最富于傳統意義和最受人喜愛的食品。
人人都贊成感恩節大餐必需以烤火雞為主菜。火雞在烘烤時要以面包作填料以吸收從中流出來的美味汁液,但烹飪技藝常因家庭和地區的不同而各異,應用什幺填料也就很難求得一致。
今天的感恩節是一個不折不扣的國定假日。在這一天,具有各種信仰和各種背景的美國人,共同為他們一年來所受到的上蒼的恩典表示感謝,虔誠地祈求上帝繼續賜福。