北京旅游景點天安門英文導游詞
作為一名導游，往往需要進行導游詞編寫工作，導游詞一般是根據實際的游覽景觀、遵照一定的游覽路線、模擬游覽活動而創(chuàng)作的。如何把導游詞做到重點突出呢？下面是小編精心整理的北京旅游景點天安門英文導游詞，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對大家有所幫助。
Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:
1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony).
2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.
3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.
4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.
5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.
Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.
On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.
The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.
The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.
天安門(天國的和平門)，位于北京的中心。它始建于1417年，名叫承天門。在明朝末期，它被戰(zhàn)爭嚴重破壞。1651年清朝重建后，更名為天安門，是皇城的主要入口，是朝廷官員和侍從的行政和住所�；食浅菈Φ哪隙稳匀淮Ａ⒃诔情T的兩側。門頂上的塔有九室寬，五室深。根據《易經》，數字九和數字五合在一起，象征著至高無上的君主地位。在明清時期，天安門是舉行國家儀式的地方。其中最重要的是頒布詔書，詔書的步驟如下:
1)禮部大臣會在太和殿(太和殿)接受詔書，那里是皇帝舉行朝廷的地方。然后，大臣將法令放在云盤上，從太和門(太和門)出殿。
2)大臣會把托盤放在一個微型龍亭里。撐一把黃傘，穿過午門，到天安門城樓。
3)朝臣將被任命來宣布法令。在塔下的大門兩側，文武官員會向皇帝的方向跪拜，等待頒布的法令。
4)朝臣將詔書放在一個鳳凰形的木盒里，用一根絲線從高塔上拉下來。最后，這份文件被裝在一個類似的云盤里，放在一把黃色的傘下，送到禮部。
詔書用黃紙抄寫，將傳遍全國。
這一過程在歷史上被稱為“金鳳凰敕令”。在明清兩代，天安門是最重要的通道。皇帝和他的隨從們去祭壇舉行儀式和宗教活動時要經過這個門。
天安門西側是中山公園(孫中山公園)，東側是勞動人民文化宮。公園的前身是舍積壇(土地和糧食的祭壇)，建于1420年，用于祭祀土地神。它在1914年作為一個公園向公眾開放，并在1928年更名為現在的名稱，以紀念中國民主革命的偉大先驅。勞動人民文化宮的前身是太廟(至高無上的祖廟)，那里保存著已故的王朝統(tǒng)治者的牌位。
天安門前的小溪叫做外金水河，上面有七座大理石橋。在這七座橋中，歷史記載稱中間的一座是皇帝專用的，因此被稱為玉路橋(Imperial Bridge)。它兩側的橋是皇室成員的，因此被稱為王公橋。兩座橋兩邊較遠的地方有一座橋，供三級以上的官員使用，稱為“品濟橋”。其余兩座橋供第三級以下的侍從使用，稱為公生橋(普通橋)。東邊是太廟前的`一座，西邊是田糧壇前的一座。
天安門門前的兩個石獅，一邊一個，是哨兵的意思。它們注視著中軸線，守衛(wèi)著皇帝的通道。在大門前矗立著一對叫華表的大理石柱。它們是按照傳說中的龍的圖案精心雕刻而成的淺浮雕。大門后面還有一根類似的柱子。華表的故事可以追溯到幾個源頭。有一種版本認為，它的發(fā)明是中國的一位圣人，名叫堯，據說他立了一根木柱，讓普通人揭發(fā)壞人，因此它最初被稱為誹謗柱。后來變成了路標，現在成了裝飾品。
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