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2023中考英語必考知識點
在平日的學習中,說起知識點,應該沒有人不熟悉吧?知識點也不一定都是文字,數學的知識點除了定義,同樣重要的公式也可以理解為知識點。掌握知識點是我們提高成績的關鍵!下面是小編收集整理的2023中考英語必考知識點,歡迎閱讀,希望大家能夠喜歡。
名詞分類
按概數的功能分類
1. 限定可數名詞的概數:
many, a good/great many, many a, (not/quite) a few, few, several, a couple of, dozens of, scores of, a score of, hundreds/thousands/millions…of, a (great/large) number of, numbers of, a group of, a team of, one out of/in ten, a pack of (一群)
Many hands make light work.
眾人拾柴火焰高。
A great many guests were invited to dinner.
大批客人受邀就餐。
Many a ship has been wrecked on the rocks.
不少船只撞在巖石上失事。
My friend speaks several languages.
我朋友會講好幾種語言。
There are a couple of vacant rooms behind the office.
辦公室后有兩三間空房。
He planned to buy dozens of reference books.
他打算買幾本參考書。
I’d escaped death a score of times by a hair’s breadth.
我多次死里逃生。
I’ve been there scores of times.
我多次到過那里。
I have a number of things that I must see to.
我有很多事要處理。
Numbers of people came to the meeting from all over the country.
來自全國的許多人士出席了本次會議。
A group of children were playing tag.
一群孩子正在拔河。
Few words are best.
少言最妙。
Three are too many to keep a secret and too few to be merry.
人多難守密,人少不成歡。
Not a few readers wrote letters of commendation to the magazine.
相當多的讀者給雜志社寫表揚信。
There are quite a few students absent from class today.
今天有不少學生缺課。
In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, by the age of thirty, has no teeth left.
英國有些地方十分之一的人年方三十,牙齒就脫光了。
A multitude of people assembled in the stadium.
大批觀眾聚集在運動場。
They’re just a pack of liars.
他們不過是一群騙子而已。
2. 限定不可數名詞的概數:
a little, little, much, a bit of, a good/great deal of, a large/great amount of, amounts of
I like the country, but I have little opportunity of seeing it.
我喜愛這個國家,但少有機會觀光。
A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
缺乏知識是一件危險的事。
The English do not drink much wine.
英國人飲酒不多。
Let’s have a bit of music.
讓咱們來點音樂。
He has given me a great deal of help.
他已給我不少幫助。
A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.
短期內造成了巨大損失。
He must often memorize large amounts of material.
他一定經常記住了不少素材。
3. 限定可數或不可數名詞的概數:
some, any, a lot of, lots of, lots and lots of, plenty of, a great/large/vast/quantity of, quantities of, enough, no end of (不少)
Now you can give me some advice.
現在你可以給我提點建議。
Ask some boys to help you.
請些男孩來幫你。
If there is any trouble, let me know.
如果有什么困難要讓我知道。
What a lot of time you take to dress!
你在穿戴上花的時間過多。
There are lots of things I can do.
有許多事我能做。
When I was in London I saw lots and lots of her.
我在倫敦常見到她。
She has plenty of imagination.
她的想像力挺豐富。
I have plenty of humorous tales.
我有不少幽默故事。
He collected a quantity of curious information.
他收集了很多稀奇古怪的消息。
We’ve had quantities of rain this summer.
今年夏天雨水充足。
Quantities of food were on the table.
桌上有很多食物。
I had not enough confidence to go ahead.
我沒有太大的信心繼續下去了。
We have enough seats for everyone.
我們可為大家提供足夠的座位。
I’ve warned you no end of times not to touch that machine.
我多次警告你不要碰那臺機器。
We had no end of fun at the party.
我們在宴會上很開心。
賓語從句
在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。學習賓語從句要抓住三要素:引導詞、語序和時態。
一、引導詞
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇引導詞that,that引導賓語從句無意義,不充當句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導詞if或whether,表示“是否”。在whether…ornot結構中不能用if替換。例句:I dontk now if there will be a bus any more.
3.從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代詞、副詞作引導詞。例句:He didnt tell m ewhen we should meet again.
二、判斷時態情況:
1.主句是一般現在時,從句可以為各種時態。
2.主句是一般過去時,從句要用相應過去時態。
注意:從句描繪客觀事實、真理、自然現象等,從句時態不受主句時態限制,仍用一般現在時。
例句:He answered that the was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect.
三、賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序
陳述句語序,就是主語在前,謂語動詞在后。
錯誤:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正確:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:賓語從句的否定轉移
主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致。例如:I dont think he will come to my party.而不能說成 Ithink he wont come to my party.
┃陳述句┃ 陳述句是用于陳述事實和觀點的句子。包括肯定結構和否定結構?隙ň渥兎穸ň涞幕痉椒ㄈ缦拢
1.be 動詞的否定式:在be動詞后面加否定詞not。如:We arent classmates. 我們不是同學。
2.情態動詞的否定式:在情態動詞后面直接加否定詞not。如: I cant speak English well. 我英語說得不好。
3.實義動詞的否定式:借助助動詞do/ does構成。一般現在時的句子結構為:主語+doesnt/dont +動詞原形+其他。如:He doesnt do exercise every day.他不是每天鍛煉。
┃疑問句┃ 疑問句的主要交際功能是提出問題,詢問情況。分為一般疑問句、選擇疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句。
1.一般疑問句:通常用來詢問一件事情是否屬實。答句通常是“Yes”或“No”。如: ―Are you tired? ―Yes, I am.“你累嗎?”“是的,我累。”
2.選擇疑問句:指提出兩個或兩個以上可能的答案供對方選擇。如: Shall we go home or stay here for the night? 我們回家還是待在這里過夜?
3.特殊疑問句:以疑問詞開頭,對句中某一成分提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。如: What do you like most? 你最喜歡什么?
4.反意疑問句:反意疑問句又叫附加疑問句,由兩部分組成,前一部分是對事物的陳述 即陳述句 ,后一部分是簡短的提問 即簡短疑問句 ,中間用逗號隔開。要遵循“前否后肯”、“前肯后否”的原則,且兩部分的人稱和時態要一致。
(1)陳述部分為Let us?時,問句部分習慣上用“will you?”; 陳述部分為Let‘s?時,問句部分習慣上用“shall we?”如: Let us go to the cinema, will you? Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?
。2)陳述部分為“There Here + be + 主語”時,問句部分用“動詞+there here ?”形式。如: There are two cakes on the plate, arent there?
。3) 反意疑問句的陳述部分帶有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意義的詞時,問句部分用肯定式。如: She seldom goes swimming, does she?
。4) 陳述部分的主語為指物的不定代詞時,問句部分的主語用it。如: Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it?
(5)陳述部分的主語為指人的不定代詞時,問句部分的主語用he或 they,這時問句動詞的數應和he或 they一致。如: Someone is knocking at the door, isnt he?
(6) 反意疑問句的陳述部分為“I We don‘t think believe, suppose, consider + that從句”時,問句部分的動詞和主語仍與that從句保持一致且用肯定式。如: I dont think that he has finished the work on time, has he?
。7)反意疑問句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-等否定意義的前綴構成的詞語時,陳述部分要視為肯定含義,問句部分用否定形式。如:It is unfair, isnt it?
。8) 陳述部分為肯定的祈使句時,反意疑問句部分可用will you/ wont you; 陳述部分為否定的祈使句時,反意疑問句部分只能用will you。 如: Dont make any noise, will you?
┃祈使句┃ 祈使句是表示請求、命令、勸告、祝愿或建議的句子。否定式是直接在動詞原形前加dont。
常見的祈使句的基本句型如下:
1.動詞原形+其他。 如: Be careful.
2.Do +動詞原形 加強語氣 。如: Do be careful next time.
3.加please的祈使句 表示更加客氣和禮貌 。如: Open the door, please.
┃感嘆句┃ 感嘆句一般用來表示說話時的喜悅、驚訝等情感。英語感嘆句常用what或how引導,句末用感嘆號。
1.what引導的感嘆句。
(1)What+a/an+形容詞+單數可數名詞 +主語+謂語 !如:What a difficult question it is!
。2) What+形容詞+復數可數名詞/不可數名詞 +主語+謂語 !如:What useful information!
2.how引導的感嘆句。
。1) How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!如: How kind they are!
。2) How+陳述句 主語+謂語 !如: How time flies!
。3)what引導的感嘆句可以和how引導的感嘆句互換。如: What a good girl! = How good the girl is!
┃倒裝句┃
1.副詞位于句首時。here, there, now, then等副詞置于句首時,謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。這種倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。如: Here he comes. 他來了。
2.only在句首強調狀語。如: Only then did he realize that he was wrong.到那時他才意識到他錯了。
3.以so/neither/nor開頭的句子。 此句型說明前面的內容也適用于后者,用倒裝句“so/neither/nor+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”。如: John cant swim, neither can I.
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