考研英語主觀題40分的攻略

關于考研英語主觀題40分的攻略

　　圖表類作文類型

　　考研短文寫作中通常考查的圖表作文類型有：表格圖、圓形結構圖、條形圖、圖畫等。下面我們分別加以說明：

　　1表格圖作文

　　表格可以對大量的數據或信息進行分類，直觀性強，便于比較分析�？忌�需要把有關信息轉化為文字形式，主要考查考生的數據分析和材料歸納能力。一般來說，文章以三段論的形式出現。第一段總結歸納信息反映的總體情況，點出主題思想；第二段回答第一段所得出的問題，對數字、數據等信息做出有條理的分析比較，第三段做出總結或給以簡單評論。如：

　　【例1】

　　Directions：Study the following tables carefully and write an essay on the title of Exports and Imports of USA.Your essay must meet the following requirements.

　　(1)State the conditions.

　　(2)Analyze the distribution of exports and imports.

　　(3)Draw a conclusion.

　　DISTRIBUTION，BY PERCENT，OF EXPORTS FROM AND IMPORTS TO

　　THE UNITED STATES IN 1986

　　Trade SectorExports*Imports**NonOPEC Developing Countries292％285％OPEC Countries50％56％Common Market Countries245％202％Canada209％178％ Japan124％222％Other Developed Countries71％51％Centrally Planned Economics09％06％Type of GoodsExports*Imports**Manufactured626％659％Nonmanufactured374％341％*Total exports=$217 billion

　　**Total imports=$387 billion

　　分析：上面兩個圖表反映了美國1986年進出口的基本情況。出口總額為$217 billion，進口總額為$387 billion，因此美國在這一年出現了比較大的貿易逆差(trade deficit)。從進出口在各國的分配情況來看，美國進出口貿易最多的是非“歐佩克”國家，最少的是實行計劃經濟的國家。從進出口產品的組成上來說，制成品占絕對多數，而非制成品的進出口額在整個貿易額中所占的比例只有1／3左右。但從另一方面來講，美國的主要貿易對象還是發達國家，它們(經濟共同體、日本、加拿大和其他發達國家)所占美國整個貿易額的比例為：進口：653％.出口：649％。通過這樣的分析，我們可以得出這樣的結論，即美國應加強和發展中國家的貿易往來，逐步縮小貿易逆差。

　　參考范文

　　Exports and Imports of USA

　　From the tables we can see that in 1986，the total value of manufactured imports to the United States was approximately $260 billion，and that of nonmanufactured imports to the United States about $130 billion.The total value of manufactured exports from the United States added up to almost $140 billion，and that of non-manufactured exports to some $70 billion.As for the distribution of exports from and imports to the USA，the developed countries ranked on the top of the list，followed by non-OPEC developing countries.The centrally planned economics concluded the least business with the USA.If we take a much closer look at the table，we will see that there was a big difference between imports and exports.This year the United States trade balance(total value of exports minus total value of imports)with those countries was a minus number，reaching $170 billion.

　　Considering the above information，it is clear that the United States should readjust its trade system and take some effective measures to enhance its exports.First，I think the USA government should make some policies to stimulate the business with those centrally planned economics，thus increasing its exports to these countries and gradually softening its balance problem.Second，the USA may expand the scale of investment abroad and explore more overseas markets to promote the sales of its products.Some developing countries such as China and India are big potential markets，which are full of business opportunities.It should not focus its attention only upon some developed countries，which are the main factors responsible for its trade deficit.With these steps.the

　　United States

　　is likely to change its present state of trade balance.(280 words)

　　2圓形結構圖作文

　　圓形結構圖最能直觀地表示總量與各分量之間的比例關系。它由各扇區組成，如：

　　A Survey on

　　Reading

　　of Yangtser Evening Newspaper

　　分析：該圓形結構圖反映了《揚子晚報》的讀者情況，簡單直觀，清楚明了，數據信息充實可靠。

　　考生們可嘗試寫一篇短文。

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