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2024考研英語部分真題及詳解
現如今，我們很多時候都會有考試，接觸到考試真題，借助考試真題可以為主辦方提供考生某方面的知識或技能狀況的信息。一份好的考試真題都具備什么特點呢？以下是小編幫大家整理的2024考研英語部分真題及詳解，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對大家有所幫助。
考研英語部分真題及詳解 1
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.
Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.
1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as
2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to
3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone
4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example
5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although
6. A. into B. within C. from D. through
7. A. or B. since C. but D. so
8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create
9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying
10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving
11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union
12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live
13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if
14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain
15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed
16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however
17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed
18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn
19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks
20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that
1.[標準答案] [D]as well as
[考點分析] 本題考察邏輯關系
[選項分析] 因為考察邏輯關系，所以需要我們先對填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身處大環境not only…..but also之中，這是一個明顯的并列關系，表示“不僅……而且……”該空與前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列關系，表示“與他本人以及伴侶的父母朋友相關” 所以答案只能是D. as well as.
A. by way of通過 B. with regard to 關于 C. on behalf of 代表
2.[標準答案] [A] decide on
[考點分析] 上下文語義
[選項分析] 根據該句的主語a young man與賓語a likely spouse的關系，答案只能是A. decide on 決定。表示自己決定自己的對象。B. provide for 為……提供準備 C. compete with與……競爭 D. adapt to適用
3.[標準答案] [B]arrange
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞辨析
[選項分析] 該句意思為，他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母_____相關事務。四個選項中，A. close 關閉 C renew 更新;恢復 D postpone“推遲”，語義不正確，只有B arrange安排是符合語境。
4.[標準答案] [A]In theory
[考點分析] 上下文語義
[選項分析]邏輯判斷題。主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面是說“他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關事務，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象�！� 空格后面說“女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對象�！边@兩句之間沒有舉例說明的關系，且有一個may，更證明A. In theory的正確性。而其他選項 B. Above all最重要的是， C. In time 準時 D. For example舉例，均不符合題意。
5.[標準答案] [C]After
[考點分析] 上下文語義
[選項分析]根據下文“______a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other……”知道，只有對象選擇好后，父母才會去調查研究對方的背景。所以只有after才對。其他選項A. Unless 除非，否則 B. Lest 以免，唯恐 D. Although 盡管 都不符合題意。
6.[標準答案] [A]into
[考點分析] 上下文語義及介詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] 這里主要是看marry與相關介詞的固定搭配。這里marry into就是指嫁到，而其他選項均沒有這層含義。
7.[標準答案] [C]but
[考點分析] 邏輯關系題
[選項分析]根據上文，說傳統的婚禮時間跨度很長，但是到了1980s, 婚禮只持續一天半。所以與前文發生轉變。因此要選擇but轉折關系。
8.[標準答案] [C]recite
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析
[選項分析]空格處需要填一個動詞，和后面的prayers of blessing所搭配，C選項recite 為背誦的意思，與所給短語搭配最為合理，譯為“為祈禱者做祈�！薄�
9.[標準答案] [D]tying
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] 本題需要根據上下文語義分析，空格處需要搭配后文“棉花線頭”，縱觀四個選項[A]折疊
[B]堆積 [C]包裹 [D]系上，根據選項含義，只有D和后文的“棉花線頭”搭配最為合理。
10.[標準答案] [A]passing
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] 本題根據選項[A]傳遞[B]點亮 [C]隱藏 [D]服務，原文空格需要填寫一個動詞與后文“around a circle”來搭配，譯為“將蠟燭傳一圈”，故[A]傳遞為正確選項。
11.[標準答案] [D]union
[考點分析] 名詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] 本題根據選項[A]協會，社團[B]會議，會面 [C]集合 [D]結合。本句語義為“這些受尊敬的夫妻祈禱…”根據語境，結婚是一種夫妻二人的結合，因此，選項[D]結合更符合語境。
12.[標準答案] [D]live
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] 本題比較簡單。根據語義“根據傳統，新婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家，與父母____一年”根據語境，應為[D]居住為最佳答案。
13. [標準答案] [B]until
[考點分析] 時間邏輯關系
[選項分析] 根據原文，“_____他們在附近建造一棟新房子” [A]然而[B]直到 [C]為 [D]如果 結合語境，[B]直到最符合原文語境，搭配最為合理。
14. [標準答案] [D]obtain
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] Divorce is legal and relatively easy to __14__, but not common.該句句意為離婚是合法的，且相對容易____. A.avoid 避免B.follow 跟隨C.chanllenge挑戰，質疑D.obtain獲得。這里出現and,所以對于離婚這件事不可能是避免或是挑戰，但是跟隨和離婚之間語義不符，但是獲得離婚(的批準)是可以的。選D.
15.[標準答案] [D] viewed
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析
[選項分析] Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval.離婚的人…一些不贊同。在段首，已經注明離婚是合法的且相對容易得到批準，但是不常見。這說明離婚在現實中肯定是不太受到人們的歡迎的。而接下來這句就說離婚的人…一些不贊同。再看選項：A.isolated孤立 B.persuaded勸說C.viewed看做 D. exposed接觸，受到…的影響 C選項固定搭配被認為，放進。
16.[標準答案] [B]whatever
[考點分析] 語法
[選項分析Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, 17個空對應的都是動詞，所以該句意思為：夫婦雙方保有…財產，這個財產是他或她…(動詞)進婚姻的。 結合選項A whenever“無論何地;任何(地方)=any place where(定從)”。B whatever“無論什么;任何(東西)=anything that/any+N that”。C whenever無論何時;任何(時間=any time when)D however 無論如何;無論多么 。根據語義，這里應該不是讓步的關系,而且填的這個詞還要能修飾property。因此，選擇B =retains any property that he or she ….
17.[標準答案] [B]brought
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞義辨析
[選項分析] Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage,結合選項A changed“改變”。B brought “帶來”。C shaped“形成” D pushed“推，逼迫”。結合語境只有B符合，把財產帶入婚姻。
18.[標準答案] [B]divided
[考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞義辨析
[選項分析] …and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally.結合選項A invested投資.[B]divided平分 [C] donated 捐贈[D]withdrawn撤出，提取。根據語義應該是共同財產被(夫妻雙方)平分。
19.[標準答案] [C]shows
[考點分析] 動詞固定搭配
[選項分析] Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. 該句語義為離過婚的人或許會再婚，但是性別偏見…。結合選項A. warm(up)加熱 B.clear(up) 變晴C.show (up) 顯現D.break(up)分裂，分開;，顯然C是正確選項。
20.[標準答案] [A]while
[選項分析] 上下文語義
[考點分析] 很明顯的兩類人的對比比較關系。只能選擇while.
【真題翻譯】在柬埔寨，伴侶的選擇對于年輕男性來說是一個復雜的問題。這不僅與他本人以及未來伴侶的'父母朋友相關，而且與媒婆也有著千絲萬縷的關系。他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關事務，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對象。理論上來說，女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對象。在選好自己的對象后，每個家庭都能會去調查對方家庭來確保他們的孩子嫁到好人家。
傳統的婚禮是一段漫長，多姿多彩的過程。從前會持續三天，但是到了20世紀80年代，一般會持續一天半。佛教徒通常會做簡短誦經，并為新人祈福。儀式通常包括剪發，在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸滿圣水的棉繩，在幸福的、受人尊敬的夫婦中傳遞蠟燭來祈禱新人的結合。通常情況下，新婚夫婦會到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他們在附近建一棟新房子為止。
離婚是合法的，而且很容易獲得批準，但是在實際中這種情況并不常見。離過婚的男女會受到一些人的詬病。夫婦雙方在離婚后可保有他或她婚前帶來的財產，而且可平分婚后共同取得的財產。離過婚的人或許會再婚，但是性別偏見還是很明顯。比如，離過婚的男性再婚前不需要一段等待期而女性則需要等待十個月。
考研英語部分真題及詳解 2
Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate thing or process which have no names in ordinary English, and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature.Such special dialects, or jargons, are necessary in technical discussion of any kind.Being universally understood by the divorce of particular science or art, they have the precision of mathematical formula.Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it.Thousands of this terms are popularly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of English language than actually within its borders.
Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies.In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, they have occupied great number of men from remote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old.It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber of our language.Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound; and more generally understood, than most other technicalities.The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their old strata, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons, and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary.Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech.And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts.Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn.Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation.Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild.The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associates freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way.Furthermore, what is called popular science makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discovers.Any important experiment, thought made in remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it—as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy.Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace.
1.This passage is primarily concerned with _______.
[A] a new language
[B] technical terminology
[C] various occupations and professions
[D] scientific undertakings
2.Special words used in technical discussion_________.
[A] may become part of common speech
[B] should be confined to scientific fields
[C] should resemble mathematical formulae
[D] are considered artificial speech
3.It is true that____________.
[A] the average man of uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him
[B] various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons
[C] there is always a clear-cut non-technical word that may be substituted for the technical word
[D] an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms
4.In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in nomenclature of __________.
[A] farming
[B] government
[C] botany
[D] fishing
5.The author‘s main purpose in the passage is to _________.
[A] describe a phenomenon
[B] argue a belief
[C] propose a solution
[D] stimulate action
Passage Three
During the second half of the nineteenth century, in the United States both the stimulus to produce landscape art and the subject of landscape altered appreciably as the pressure of events surrounding the Civil War witnessed the emergence of a new national consciousness.It was a time when certain fundamental religious beliefs were assaulted by new scientific theory and when new critical writing, particularly those of John Ruskin, exercised an important influence on art.The landscape painting from the Ganz collection provides an opportunity to examine the shifts in taste and the pluralities of style that characterized American Landscape painting, especially in the latter part of the century.
In the early years of the nineteenth century American Landscape was closely associated with the republican ideals of the new nation and took on significance in the popular imagination as a form of national propaganda.Landscape painting was conceived of as a vehicle for the presentation of the new republic‘s unique historical and moral position in world history.This position was supported by Thomas Cole, the dean of the Hudson river School, and was based on a religious interpretation of wilderness themes.While the American concern for the founding of a school of historical landscape was most assertive in the first half of the century and was confirmed in such grandly ambitious paintings as Café’s famous instructive moral one
portraying the COURSE OF EMPIRE, the interest in crating a national art based on American nature continued to influence the formal evolution of landscape painting.
6.with what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
[A] The normal position of the United States.
[B] John Ruskins influence on nineteenth century art.
[C] A religious interpretation of wilderness themes.
[D] The evolution of landscape painting in the United States
7.What phenomenon does the author mention as occurring at the time of the Civil War?
[A] The revival of fundamental religious beliefs.
[B] An increased interest in national geography.
[C] A period of depression on the arts and sciences.
[D] The emergence of new national consciousness.
8.According to the author, why is the Ganz collection significant？
[A] It reflects changes in American Landscape painting.
[B] It includes many critical writing of the era.
[C] It appeals to the popular imagination of republicans.
[D] It documents the painting of the Hudson River School.
9.According to the author, landscape painting early in the nineteenth century was used to _________.
[A] finance a school of historical landscape painting
[B] further the ambitions of young politicians
[C] represent and reaffirm a new nation
[D] realistically portray the physical beauty
10.what does the word assaulted mean?
[A] Attacked
[B] Praised
[C] Scolded
[D] Satirized
考研英語部分真題及詳解 3
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.
In a plan calledStation Renaissancethat it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.
The company also plans to introduce __14__cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
總體分析
本文介紹了東日本鐵路公司引人關注的新計劃。文章第一段介紹說東日本鐵路公司創造性地利用車站內部及周圍房地產的計劃正引起越來越多人的關注。第二段具體介紹了這一計劃的內容及好處，即適應信息時代的要求，把車站作為網上購物的物品收取地，這樣既為消費者提供了方便，又提高了遞送物品的安全性。第三段介紹了該公司引入智能卡代替目前使用的各種磁卡作車票的計劃及其優點。
全文翻譯
通過國家鐵路系統的私有化創建起來的六大公司之一的東日本鐵路有限公司，正吸引著越來越多人的目光。在一個發展前景不振的行業，它創造性地利用車站內部及周圍的房地產的計劃正引起人們的關注。
東日本鐵路在11月份公布的車站復興計劃中說：它將不僅把它的商業空地用于開商店和餐館，而且還要把這些商業空地用于更加適應信息時代的功能上去。它打算把車站作為網上所購物品如書籍、花卉和日用百貨等的收取地。該公司估算，在一個都市人嚴重依賴列車作為上下班交通工具的國度里，每天大約有1600萬人因各種原因來到它的`車站。因此，在車站收取物品使消費者節省了路途而且也不像往家里遞送那樣容易丟失。東日本鐵路已經開始把車站的便利店用于這一目的，但它打算為網上貨物的遞送創立專門的空間。
該公司還打算引入智能卡(在日本稱為IC卡，因為它們利用集成電路儲存信息)取代目前使用的磁卡作為車票和定期券，把各種不同的票券合為一體。這將為公司節省資金，因為IC卡的讀卡機比磁系統要便宜的多。IC卡使用的增加還將會減少售票所占用的空間。
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