鐵路工程常用英語詞匯

鐵路工程常用英語詞匯

　　導語：鐵路工程是指鐵路上的各種土木工程設施，同時也指修建鐵路各階段所運用的技術。下面是YJBYS小編收集整理的有關鐵路工程的英語詞匯，歡迎參考!

　　鋼絲 steel wire

　　鋼絲束 bundled steel wires

　　鋼絞線 steel strand

　　鋼筋 reinforcement; steel bar

　　箍筋 stirrup

　　縱向鋼筋 longitudinal reinforcement

　　彎起鋼筋 bent-up bar

　　架立鋼筋 erection bar

　　構造鋼筋 constructional reinforcement

　　預應力筋 tendon

　　套管 sheath

　　梁腋 haunch

　　拱圈 arch ring

　　拱肋 arch rib

　　拱頂 rach crown

　　拱矢 rise of arch

　　起拱點 springing

　　拱腹 soffit

　　拱腹線 intrados

　　拱背錢 extrados

　　橋塔 bridge tower; pylon

　　索平面 cable plane

　　纜索 cable

　　斜纜 stay cable; inclined cable

　　吊纜 suspension cable

　　索鞍 cable saddle

　　索夾 cable band; cable clamp

　　錨座 socket

　　錨碇 anchorage

　　明橋面 open deck; ballastless deck; open floor

　　橋梁道碴槽 ballast trough

　　道碴橋面 ballasted deck; ballasted floor

　　橋梁護軌 guard rall of bridge

　　橋梁護木 guard timber of bridge

　　橋枕 bridge tie; bridge sleeper

　　橋上人行道 sidewalk on bridge

　　步行板 foot plank

　　避車臺 refuge platform

　　伸縮縫 expansion joint

　　正交異性板 orthotropic plate

　　欄桿 railing; handrail; handrailing

　　瀉水孔 drainage opening

　　直結軌道 track fastened directly to steel girders

　　抗剪連接件;抗剪結合件 shear connector

　　支座 bearing

　　固定支座 fixed bearing

　　活動支座 expension bearing; movable bearing

　　平板支座 plate bearing

　　搖軸芝座 rocker bearing

　　滾軸支座 roller bearing

　　球面支座 spherical bearing

　　板式橡膠支座 laminated rubber bearing

　　盆式橡膠支座 pot rubber bearing

　　聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing

　　渦流激振 wortex-excited oscillation

　　弛振 galloping

　　顫振 flutter

　　擾流板 spoiler

　　風嘴 wind fairing

　　橋梁自振周期 natural vibration period of bridge

　　浮運架橋法 bridge erection by floating

　　架橋機架設法 erection by bridge girder erecting equipment

　　頂推式架設法 erection by incremental launching

　　拖拉架設法 launching method

　　贗架式架設法 erection with scaffolding

　　懸臂架設法 catilever erection; erection by protrusion

　　懸臂灌注法 cast-in-place cantilever construction; free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork

　　懸臂拼裝法 cantilevered assembling constrution; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete

　　預制混凝土構件 precast concrete units; precast concrete members

　　活動模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller

　　橋梁合龍 closure

　　就地貫注法 cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ method

　　活動吊籃 travelling cradle

　　頂進法 jack-in method

　　旋轉法施工;轉體施工 erection by swing method

　　液壓式張拉千斤頂 hydraulic tensioning jack

　　橋梁下部結構 substructure

　　橋臺 abutment

　　重力式橋臺 gravity abutment

　　埋置式橋臺 buried abutment

　　錨定板式橋臺 anchor slab abutment

　　U形橋臺 U-shaped abutment

　　耳墻式橋臺 abutment with cantilevered retaining wall

　　臺身 abutment body

　　前墻 front wall

　　臺帽 abutment coping

　　翼墻 wing wall

　　錐體護坡 quadrant revetment; truncated cone banking

　　臺后填方 filling behind abutment

　　橋墩 pier

　　空心橋墩 hollow pier

　　實體橋墩 solid pier

　　重力式橋墩 gravity pier

　　柔性橋墩 flexible pier

　　拼裝式橋墩 assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units

　　制動墩 braking pier

　　柱式橋墩 column pier

　　V形橋墩 V-shaped pier

　　圓端形橋墩 round-ended pier

　　圓形橋墩 circular pier

　　矩形橋墩 rectangular pier

　　排架式橋墩 pile bent pier

　　墩身 pier body; pier shaft

　　墩帽 pier coping

　　圍欄 railing around coping of pier or abutment

　　承臺 bearing platform

　　破冰體 ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice guard

　　地基 foundation; foundation soil; subgrade

　　加固地基 improved foundation; improved ground

　　天然地基 natural foundation; natural ground

　　橋梁基礎 bridge foundation

　　擴大基礎 spread foundation

　　明挖基礎 open-cut foundation; open excavation foundation

　　沉井基礎 open caisson foundation

　　浮式沉井基礎 floating caisson foundation

　　沉井刃腳 cutting edge of open caisson

　　圍堰 cofferdam

　　核子密度濕度測定 determination of nuclear density-moisture

　　路基承載板測定 determination of bearing slab of subgrade

　　預留沉落量 reserve settlement; settlement allowance

　　反壓護道 berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm

　　石灰砂樁 lime sand pile

　　換土 change soil; soil replacement

　　爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion; discharge of sedimentation by blasting

　　拋石擠淤 throwing stones to packing sedimentation; packing sedimentation by throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by dumping stones

　　路塹石方爆破 rock cutting blasting; rock blasting in cut

　　定向爆破 directional blasting

　　淺孔爆破 shallow hole blasting

　　深孔爆破 deep hole blasting

　　洞室藥包爆破 chamber explosive package blasting; chamher blasting

　　揚棄爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting

　　拋擲爆破 pin-point blasting

　　松動爆破 blasting for loosening rock

　　藥壺爆破 pot hole blasting

　　裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting; contact blasting

　　路塹邊坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut

　　塹頂 top of cutting slope; top of cutting

　　路塹平臺 platform of cutting; berm in cutting

　　棄土堆 waste bank; bankette; spoil bank

　　擋土墻 retaining wall 鐵路施工常用英文詞匯1

　　重力式擋土墻 gravity retaining wall

　　衡重式擋土墻 balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall

　　錨定板擋土墻 anchored retaining wall by tie rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall; anchored plate retaining wall

　　加筋土擋土墻 reinforced earth retaining wall; reinforced soil retaining wall

　　錨桿擋墻 anchored bolt retaining wall; anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods

　　管柱擋墻 cylindrical shaft retaining wall

　　沉井擋墻 caisson retaining wall

　　抗滑樁 anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile

　　護墻 guard wall tielu 鐵路施工

　　護坡 slope protection; revertment; pitching

　　排水溝 weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch

　　邊溝;側溝 side ditch

　　天溝 gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch

　　吊溝 suspended ditch

　　跌水 hydraulic drop

　　截水溝 intercepting ditch; catch-drain

　　急流槽 chute

　　排水槽 drainage channel

　　滲水暗溝 blind drain

　　滲水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel; drainage tunnel

　　滲井 leaching well; seepage well

　　滲管 leaky pipe

　　平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage

　　反濾層 reverse filtration layer; inverted filter; protective filter

　　檢查井 inspection well; manhole

　　砂井;排水砂井 sand drain

　　隔斷層 insulating course; insulating layer

　　透水路堤 pervious embankment; permeable embankment

　　滲水路堤 immerseable embankment

　　排水砂墊層 sand filled drainage layer; drainage sand blanker

　　坡面防護 slope protection

　　護岸 revetment; shore protection

　　導流堤 diversion dike

　　攔石墻 stone cut off wall; stone falling wall; buttree

　　落石槽 stone falling channel; trough for catching falling rocks

　　柴排 firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine

　　固沙造林 stabilization for sands by afforestation

　　擋風墻 wind-break wall

　　防風柵欄 wind break fence

　　砂土液化 sand liquefaction

　　中-活載 CR-live loading; China railway standard loading

　　橋梁標準活載 standard live load for bridge

　　橋梁荷載譜 bridge load spectrum

　　換算均布活載 equivalent uniform live load

　　設計荷載 design load

　　主力 principal load

　　恒載 dead load

　　土壓力 earth load

　　靜水壓力 hydrostatic pressure

　　浮力 buoyancy

　　列車活載 live load of train

　　列車離心力 centrifugal force of train

　　列車沖擊力;沖擊荷載 impact force of train

　　沖擊系數 ceofficient of impact

　　人行道荷載 sidewalk loading

　　附加力 subsidiary load; secondary load

　　列車制動力 braking force of train

　　列車牽引力 tractive force of train

　　風荷載 wind load

　　列車橫向搖擺力 lateral swaying force of train

　　流水壓力 pressure of water flow

　　冰壓力 ice pressure

　　凍脹力 frost heaving force

　　特殊荷載 particular load

　　船只或排筏的撞擊力 collision force of ship or raft

　　地震力 seismic force

　　地震烈度 earthquake intensity

　　地震震級 earthquake magnitude

　　施工荷載 constructional loading

　　荷載組合 loading conbination

　　鐵路橋 railway bridge

　　公鐵兩用橋 combined bridge; combined highway and railway bridge; combined rail-cum-road bridge

　　跨線橋;立交橋 overpass bridge; grade separation bridge; flyover

　　高架橋 viaduct

　　旱橋 dry bridge

　　人行橋 foot bridge; pedestrian bridge

　　圬工橋 masonry bridge

　　鋼橋 steel bridge

　　鉚接鋼橋 riveted steel bridge

　　栓焊鋼橋 bolted and welded steel bridge

　　全焊鋼橋 all welded steel bridge

　　摩擦結合式高強度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt

　　扭剪式高強度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot

　　螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator

　　混凝土橋 concrete bridge

　　鋼筋混凝土橋 reinforced concrete bridge

　　預應力混凝土橋 prestressed concrete bridge

　　先張法預應力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder

　　后張法預應力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder

　　部分預應力混凝土橋 partially prestressed concrete bridge

　　結合梁橋 composite beam bridge

　　低高度梁 shallow girder

　　無碴無枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper

　　型鋼混凝土梁;勁性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder

　　簡支梁橋 simply supported beam bridge

　　連續梁橋 continuous beam bridge

　　懸臂梁橋 cantilever beam bridge

　　板橋 slab bridge

　　空心板橋 hollow slab bridge

　　板梁 plate girder

　　工形梁 I-beam

　　箱形梁 box girder

　　槽形梁 trough girder

　　桁架 truss

　　拆裝式桁架 demountable truss

　　剛架橋;剛構橋 rigid frame bridge

　　斜腿剛架橋;斜腿剛構橋 strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge

　　懸板橋;懸帶橋 stressed ribbon bridge

　　懸索橋;吊橋 suspension bridge

　　斜拉橋 cable-stayed bridge

　　浮橋 pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge

　　拱橋 arch bridge

　　固端拱;無鉸拱 fixed-end arch

　　雙鉸拱 two-hinged arch

　　三鉸拱 three-hinged arch

　　實腹拱 spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch

　　空腹拱 open-spandrel arch

　　雙曲拱 two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch

　　系桿拱;柔性系桿剛性拱 tied arch

　　榔格爾式橋;剛性系桿柔性拱橋 Langer bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie

　　洛澤式橋;直懸桿式剛性拱剛性梁橋 Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders

　　尼爾森橋 Nielsen systen bridge

　　尼爾森式駱澤梁橋;斜懸桿式剛性拱梁橋 Nielsen type Lhse bridge; rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders

　　活動橋 movable bridge

　　豎旋橋 bascule bridge

　　平旋橋 swing bridge

　　升降橋 lift bridge

　　正交橋 right bridge

　　斜交橋 skew bridge

　　曲線橋 curved bridge

　　曲梁 curved beam

　　特大橋 super maior bridge

　　大橋 major bridge

　　中橋 medium bridge

　　小橋 minor bridge

　　單線橋 single track bridge

　　雙線橋 double track bridge

　　多線橋 multi-track bridge

　　正橋; 主橋 main bridge

　　引橋 approach spans

　　上承式橋 deck bridge

　　半穿式橋;中承式 half through bridge; midheight deck bridge

　　下承式橋 through bridge

　　雙層橋 double-deck bridge

　　永久性橋 permanent bridge

　　臨時性橋;便橋 temporary bridge

　　跨徑;跨度 span

　　凈跨 clear spam

　　橋梁全長 overall length of bridge

　　橋下凈空 underneath clearance

　　主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder

　　節間長度 panel length

　　梁高 depth of girder

　　拱度 camber

　　撓度 deflection

　　節間 panel

　　錨跨;錨孔 anchor span

　　懸跨;吊孔 suspended span

　　橋梁上部結構 superstructure

　　腹板 web plate

　　翼緣 flange

　　翼緣板 flange plate

　　弦桿 chord member

　　腹桿 web member

　　斜桿 diagonal member

　　豎桿 vertical member

　　吊桿 suspender hanger

　　加勁桿 stiffener

　　節點 panel point

　　節點板 gusset plate

　　拼接板 splice plate

　　綴條 lacing bar

　　綴板 stay plate; tie plate

　　側向水平聯結系 lateral bracing

　　橫聯 sway bracing

　　制動撐架 braking bracing

　　橋門架 portal frame

　　縱梁 stringer

　　橫梁 floor beam; transverse beam

　　橋面系 floor system

　　端橫梁 end floor beam

　　起重橫梁 jacking floor beam

　　梁端緩沖梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change

　　應變時效 strain ageing

　　碳當量 carbon equivalent

　　雙壁鋼圍堰鉆孔基礎 double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation

　　預制鋼殼鉆孔基礎 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation

　　泥漿套沉井法 slurry jacket method for sinking caisson

　　空氣幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson

　　沉箱基礎 pneumatic caisson foundation

　　管柱基礎 tubular column foundation

　　樁基礎 pile foundation

　　預制樁 precast pile

　　就地灌注樁 cast-in-place concrete pile; cast-in-situ concrete pile

　　螺旋噴射樁 auger injected pile

　　摩擦樁 friction pile

　　支承樁 bearing pile

　　鉆孔樁 bored pile

　　挖孔樁 dug pile

　　鋼樁 steel pile

　　鋼管樁 steel pipe pile

　　鋼板樁 steel sheet pile

　　板樁 sheet pile

　　木樁 timber pile

　　鋼筋混凝土樁 reinforced concrete pile

　　砂樁 sand pile

　　擠密砂樁 sand conpaction pile

　　流砂 quick sand; drift sand

　　送樁 pile follower

　　試樁 test pile

　　斜樁 batter pile; raking pile; spur pile

　　護筒 pile casting

　　重錘夯實法 heavy tamping method

　　灰土換填夯實法 mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping

　　灌注水下混凝土 underwater concreting; concreting with tremie method

　　導流建筑物 regulating structure

　　丁壩;挑水壩 spur dike

　　順壩 longitudinal dam

　　河床鋪砌 river bed paving

　　碼頭 wharf

　　排架 bent

　　腳手架 scaffold

　　懸空腳手架 hanging stage; hanging scaffold

　　鐵路涵洞 railway culvert

　　涵洞孔徑 aperture of culvert

　　管涵 pipe culvert

　　箱涵 box culvert

　　拱涵 arch culvert

　　蓋板涵 slab culvert

　　無壓力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert

　　壓力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert

　　半壓力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert

　　明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain

　　倒虹吸管 inverted siphon

　　潮汐河流 tidal river

　　淤積 silting; siltation

　　流冰 ice drift

　　鐵路輪渡 railway car ferries

　　輪渡站 ferry station

　　輪渡棧橋 ferry trestle bridge

　　渡輪 ferry boat

　　輪渡引線;輪渡斜引道 ferry slip

　　鐵路隧道 railway tunnel

　　山嶺隧道 mountain tunnel

　　越嶺隧道 over mountain line tunnel

　　水下隧道;水地隧道 subaqueous tunnel; underwater tunnel

　　地鐵隧道 subway tunne; underground railway tunnel

　　淺埋隧道 shallow tunnel; shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel

　　深埋隧道 deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel; deep burying tunnel

　　單線隧道 single track tunnel

　　雙線隧道 double track tunnel

　　多線隧道 multiple track tunnel

　　車站隧道 station tunnel

　　地鐵車站 subway station; metro station

　　特長隧道 super long tunnel

　　長隧道 long tunnel

　　中長隧道 medium tunnel

　　短隧道 short tunnel

　　隧道群 tunnel group

　　地鐵工程 subway engineering; metro engineering

　　洞口 tunne ladit; tunnel opening

　　隧道進口 tunnel entrance

　　隧道出口 tunnel exit

　　迎坡;正面坡 front slope

　　洞門 tunnel portal

　　洞門框 tunnel portal frame

　　端墻式洞門 end wall tunnel portal

　　柱式洞門 post tunnel portal

　　翼墻式洞門 wing wall tunnel portal

　　耳墻式洞門 ear wall tunnel portal

　　臺階式洞門 bench tunnel portal

　　正洞門 orthonormal tunnel portal; straight tunnel portal

　　斜洞門 skew tunnel portal

　　明洞門 open-cut-tunnel portal; gallery portal

　　襯砌 lining

　　拱圈 arch

　　邊墻 side wall

　　仰拱 invert; inverted arch

　　底板 floor

　　整體式襯砌 integral lining

　　裝配式襯砌 precast lining; prefabricated lining

　　模筑襯砌 moulded lining

　　洞口段襯砌 lining of tunnel portal section

　　偏壓襯砌 unsymmetrically loading lining; eccentrically compressed lining

　　組合襯砌;復合襯砌 composite lining

　　初期支護 primary support

　　二次襯砌 secondary lining

　　隔離層 isolation layer

　　噴錨襯砌 shorcrete bolt lining

　　下錨段襯砌;接觸網錨段襯砌 anchor-section lining

　　擠壓混凝土襯砌 extruding concrete tunnel lining

　　隔熱層 thermal insulation layer

　　明洞 open-cut tunnel; tunnel without cover; gallery

　　拱形明洞 arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery

　　棚洞 shed tunnel; shed gallery

　　路塹式明洞 cut-type open cut tunnel; cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery

　　半路塹式明洞 part cut-type open cut tunnel; part cut-type tunnel without cover; part cut-type gallery

　　抗滑明洞 anti-skid-type open cut tunnel; anti-skid-type tunnel without cover; anti-skid-type gallery

　　蓋板式棚洞 slab shed tunnel; slab shed gallery

　　剛架式棚洞 framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery

　　懸臂式棚洞 cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever shed gallery

　　隧道專家系統 expert system of tunnel

　　圍巖 surrounding rock

　　圍巖壓力 pressure of surrounding rock

　　地層壓力 ground pressure; stratum pressure

　　松弛壓力 relaxation pressure

　　形變壓力 deformation pressure

　　圍巖自承能力 self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock

　　坑道自穩時間 self-stabilization time of tunnel

　　彈性抗力 elastic resistance

　　灌漿壓力 grouting pressure

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