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英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題
引導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：在備考過(guò)程中，做題是非常重要的，下面是應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)整理的英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)題及解析，供廣大考生參考使用，希望能夠幫助到各位考生，謝謝您的閱讀。
練習(xí)題一
Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age were H.A.W.Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.
As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville’s fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco.『It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or“grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.』①He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.
Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.
Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117 000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.
1. Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT ______.
A. because Tabor became its leading citizen
B. because great deposits of lead is expected to be found there
C. because it could bring good fortune to Tabor
D. because it was renamed
2. The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A. to supply miners with food and supplies
B. to open a general store
C. to do one’s contribution to the development of the mine
D. to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered
3. Tabor made his first fortune ______.
A. by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findings
B. because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplying
C. by buying the shares of the other
D. as a land speculator
4. The underlying reason for Tabor’s life career is ______.
A. purely accidental
B. based on the analysis of miner’s being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining site
C. through the help from his second wife
D. he planned well and accomplished targets step by step
5. If this passage is the first part of an article ,who might be introduced in the following part?
A. Tabor’s life.
B. Tabor’s second wife, Elizabeth McCourt.
C. Other colorful characters.
D. Tabor’s other careers.
詞匯與短語(yǔ)
1. barren adj. 貧瘠的
2. fabulous adj. 神話般的，難以置信的
3. lure vt.誘惑，引誘
4. deposit n.沉淀，儲(chǔ)蓄
5. grubstake v.下注
長(zhǎng)難句解析
�、佟窘馕觥�“It”是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是“to”后面的句子，“while”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
【譯文】他的通常做法是對(duì)來(lái)采礦的人“下注”，說(shuō)得更明確一點(diǎn)就是泰勃供給這些人食品、用品等物品，作為回報(bào)，當(dāng)他們采到礦后就會(huì)分給他一部分股份。
答案與詳解
【短文大意】本文主要講述霍塞斯·奧斯汀·沃納·泰勃發(fā)家的故事。
1. C 細(xì)節(jié)題。因?yàn)長(zhǎng)eadville可以為T(mén)abor帶來(lái)巨富。這一點(diǎn)不是Leadville得名的原因，因?yàn)樵谖恼碌诙沃�，講到這一點(diǎn)時(shí)，提及三個(gè)原因：A.因?yàn)門(mén)abor成為當(dāng)?shù)氐木用翊砣宋�，B.因?yàn)樵贚eadville有豐富的鉛的儲(chǔ)藏量。D.因?yàn)長(zhǎng)eadville是因?yàn)門(mén)abor重要而起的名，唯獨(dú)C沒(méi)有，因?yàn)榈胶髞?lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)是銀礦才給他帶來(lái)巨富。
2. D 詞匯題。第二段中g(shù)rubstake的詞義與D所述內(nèi)容是相同的，即“供給探礦者資金，衣物，食品
以及其他物品”。(可參閱英華大辭典修訂第二版64頁(yè))但此處還補(bǔ)充地講，作為回報(bào)，供給者可以獲得礦中資源一定份額。(見(jiàn)文章第二段第4行)
3. A 細(xì)節(jié)題。Tabor第一次真正發(fā)財(cái)是他為兩名礦工提供資助，為此他獲得他們礦資源三分之一的股份。見(jiàn)文章第三段4-9行內(nèi)容：兩名開(kāi)礦者從Tabor那兒借走價(jià)值17美元的物品，作為回報(bào)，Tabor獲得他們礦資源三分之一股份。于是兩位開(kāi)礦者在一座山旁的不毛之地開(kāi)始挖掘，九天之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)了銀的富礦，于是Tabor又將兩人的股份全買(mǎi)下，這樣，銀礦屬于Tabor一個(gè)人所有，這個(gè)礦就是后來(lái)著名的“匹茲堡”礦。Tabor用17美元的投資換來(lái)了130萬(wàn)美元的收獲。
4. B 推斷題。由原文可知泰勃的財(cái)產(chǎn)來(lái)源是有一定偶然性的，但是畢竟也是基于他開(kāi)創(chuàng)的“grubstake”模式，因?yàn)锳、D都不對(duì)，C更是沒(méi)有根據(jù)，因?yàn)樗�沒(méi)有娶第二位夫人這一切就發(fā)生了。分析泰勃的做法，會(huì)得出B選項(xiàng)所示的結(jié)論。
5. B 推斷題。如果本文是一篇文章的第一部分，那么在文章的第二部分將介紹誰(shuí)呢?key可以從文章第一句分析出來(lái)，在Leadville的黃金年代，其多彩的特點(diǎn)當(dāng)中，Tabor及其第二任妻子Elizabeth McCourt是值得大書(shū)特書(shū)的，接著，文章都在講述有關(guān)H.A.W.Tabor發(fā)家致富的歷史，如先買(mǎi)下匹茲堡礦，后又買(mǎi)下Matchless礦，最后成為市長(zhǎng)，代理州長(zhǎng)，等等，所以涉及到的全是男主人公，因此下邊再講的話，應(yīng)成為女主人公即Elizabeth McCourt的天地了，她是Tabor的第二任妻子。這是順理成章的事。
練習(xí)題二
Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.
Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.
The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.
1. The passage is mainly about____.
A) the uses of life preservers
B) the design of life preservers
C) the materials for life preservers
D) the buoyancy of life preservers
2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.
A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting
3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.
A) with as few strings as possible
B) capable of being worn on both sides
C) according to each wearer's size
D) comfortable and light to wear
4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.
A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver
B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver
C) who uses a life preserver without permission
D) who becomes nervous before a disaster
5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?
A) The waves would move him backwards.
B) The water would choke him.
C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.
D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.
答案與解析：
1. B
文章主要講述了救生衣的設(shè)計(jì)。間接題型段首主旨題。C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)都是對(duì)救生衣設(shè)計(jì)中設(shè)計(jì)材料的說(shuō)明。A項(xiàng)為陷阱，指救生衣的用途，盡管開(kāi)頭提到，但范圍不著邊際。故只有B是正確選項(xiàng)。
2. D
根據(jù)文章，救生衣首先會(huì)自動(dòng)扶正。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本文第三段主要討論救生衣落水位置，應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)的能“自動(dòng)扶正”,或稍向后仰。B項(xiàng)是對(duì)材料的描述，范圍太窄，而A和C不合題意，因此D是正確答案。
3. C
美國(guó)海岸巡邏隊(duì)不需要救生衣根據(jù)穿戴者的尺寸生產(chǎn)。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)都涉及method，其相關(guān)部分見(jiàn)最后一段第三句，A，B，D三項(xiàng)都是文章中提及的，C項(xiàng)與本題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容，因此應(yīng)該選C。
4. A
“the uninitiated individual”作者指的是不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。語(yǔ)義指代題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句，我們可推出“the uninitiated individual”就是指的那些不知道怎么使用救生衣的人。故A是正確選項(xiàng)。
5. D
如果一個(gè)人沒(méi)有正確使用救生衣，就會(huì)發(fā)生什么?細(xì)節(jié)辨別題。第三段第一句后半句中a face-down position和本題中的 in a wrong position相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此選項(xiàng)D“他可能太累了或者是已經(jīng)失去知覺(jué)”是正確答案。
練習(xí)題三
There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.
By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.
On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close?ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.
Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”
The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.
1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A. the different tastes of people for sports
B. the different characteristics of sports
C. the attraction of football
D. the attraction of baseball
2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that ______.
A. it is only to the taste of the old
B. it involves fewer players than football
C. it is not exciting enough
D. it is pretentious and looks funny
3. The author admits that ______.
A. baseball is too peaceful for the young
B. baseball may seem boring when watched on TV
C. football is more attracting than baseball
D. baseball is more interesting than football
4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence):
A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.
B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.
C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.
D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.
5. We can safely conclude that the author ______.
A. likes football B. hates football
C. hates baseball D. likes baseball
詞匯與短語(yǔ)
1. dugout n. 棒球場(chǎng)邊供球員休息的地方
2. pitcher n. 投手
3. symphony n. 交響樂(lè)
4. chamber n. 室內(nèi)
5. contemplate vt.沉思，注視
長(zhǎng)難句解析
�、佟窘馕觥看司涞闹鞲墒�“Baseball?means?watching?”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用來(lái)修飾“grown men”,“standing?”和“staring”用來(lái)做“grown men”的定語(yǔ)。 【譯文】對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，棒球就是在無(wú)聊的幾個(gè)小時(shí)中幾個(gè)身著緊身衣的大人佇立在場(chǎng)地周?chē)鷽](méi)事可做地東張西望。
�、凇窘馕觥窟@是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，“goes up?”，“flexes?”“takes?”，“glances?”做“the third baseman”的并列謂語(yǔ)。 【譯文】但每當(dāng)投球手?jǐn)S出球的那一瞬間，你再看吧，三壘運(yùn)動(dòng)員腳尖點(diǎn)地，屈臂或把接球手套直指前方，左右移動(dòng)步伐，或前或后，或許他還要越過(guò)場(chǎng)地盯著一壘球手的動(dòng)作。
答案與詳解
【短文大意】本文主要講述壘球的特征及欣賞。
1. D 主旨題。文章第一段簡(jiǎn)述了人們對(duì)壘球所持的偏見(jiàn)——認(rèn)為它毫無(wú)活力、從容和緩，不像橄欖球那樣(禁止)迭起、令人激動(dòng)。文章的第二、三、四、五段探討了壘球的根本特征及欣賞角度，文章的最后一句話用一個(gè)比喻概括了壘球的魅力：“如果橄欖球是一曲交響樂(lè)的話，那么，壘球中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)恰似一曲優(yōu)美的室內(nèi)樂(lè)。”可見(jiàn)，本文主要探討的是壘球的特點(diǎn)及其欣賞。 A不對(duì)，第一段也確實(shí)提到了不同觀眾對(duì)不同運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的偏好，但這只是用以引出對(duì)壘球的特征及欣賞的討論。
2. C 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段指出：許多人不喜歡壘球，一提起壘球這些人就打哈欠甚至皺眉頭。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，看壘球意味著眼巴巴地觀望著身著運(yùn)動(dòng)裝(outfit)的人呆立在球場(chǎng)上，東瞧瞧西望望，很少有什么(激動(dòng)人心的)事發(fā)生——沒(méi)意思透了。他們認(rèn)為這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)更適合上個(gè)世紀(jì)的人的口味，不像橄欖球那樣充滿
活力。 A意為：“它只適合老年人的口味。”注意：原文說(shuō)的是適合上個(gè)世紀(jì)的人的口味，二者意味不一樣。 D意為：“它矯揉造作、滑稽可笑。”這與說(shuō)它gentlemanly(具有紳士風(fēng)度，矜持，即：沒(méi)有沖撞或拼搶)不一樣。
3. B 推斷題。第三段指出，在電視上，壘球運(yùn)動(dòng)被切換成不同角度的畫(huà)面，而且不斷地使用重放、特寫(xiě)等電視制作技術(shù)，這破壞了該運(yùn)動(dòng)的整體運(yùn)動(dòng)感，使觀眾無(wú)法將自己投入(project)到運(yùn)動(dòng)中去，以體會(huì)到這種寓動(dòng)于靜的運(yùn)動(dòng)之美。電視做不到這一點(diǎn)(The TV won’t do it for you)，因此，電視上的壘球比賽看上去(seems)孤孤單單、冷冷清清、沉沉靜靜、慢慢騰騰。C、D不對(duì)，作者僅指出了不同運(yùn)動(dòng)有不同運(yùn)動(dòng)的特征，并未說(shuō)哪種運(yùn)動(dòng)優(yōu)于哪種。參閱文章最后一句。
4. B 推斷題。第四段整個(gè)都在描述壘球場(chǎng)上的一個(gè)場(chǎng)景：拿三壘的運(yùn)動(dòng)員假設(shè)對(duì)方全投出好球，作好了一切準(zhǔn)備，但是對(duì)方投出的并不是好球。所以在那時(shí)候他的準(zhǔn)備做不做都不會(huì)影響比賽結(jié)果。他說(shuō)本來(lái)可以閉上眼睛，意思就是B項(xiàng)所寫(xiě)的。A、C、D都不符合作者的意圖。這道題需要完整地了解第四段內(nèi)容才能作好選擇。
5. D 推斷題。在本文中，作者主要探討了壘球的特征及欣賞，作者著重指出的是：只有根據(jù)壘球的特征來(lái)欣賞它，才能體會(huì)到它的魅力。在他看來(lái)，觀察到壘球比賽中運(yùn)動(dòng)員的各種動(dòng)作、壘球位之間的關(guān)系等是欣賞它的關(guān)鍵(第三段第二句)。只有從整體來(lái)把握它，才能看到每一個(gè)小的動(dòng)作、每一個(gè)眼神乃至于“靜止”的意義，也只有這樣，才能全身心地投入比賽中，欣賞到它的魅力�？梢�(jiàn)，作者對(duì)壘球有很深的理解而且非常喜愛(ài)壘球。主要參考第三、四、五段。
練習(xí)題四
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.
1. When a consumer finds that his or her in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ____.
A) complain personally to the manager
B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store
2. How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective, according to the passage?
A) Explain exactly what is wrong with the item.
B) Threaten to take the seller to court.
C) Make polite and general statements about the problem.
D) Avoid having direct contact with the store manager.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to?
A) Complain to the store manager in person.
B) Complain to the manufacturer.
C) Write a complaint letter to the manager.
D) Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help.
4. The phrase “live up to” in this context means ____.
A) meet the standard of
B) realize the purpose of
C) fulfill the demands of
D) keep the promise of
5.The passage tells us ____.
A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty item
B) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
C) how to avoid buying a faulty item
D) how to deal with complaints from customers
答案與解析：
1. D
當(dāng)顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)自己所購(gòu)買(mǎi)的商品有問(wèn)題時(shí)，他所做的第一件事就是出示在商場(chǎng)購(gòu)物的憑具。事實(shí)辨析題。文章第一段指明，顧客購(gòu)買(mǎi)了有瑕疵的商品后，首先應(yīng)出示在某商場(chǎng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)某商品的相關(guān)記錄或證明。故選項(xiàng)D正確。
2. A
為了使投訴更加有效，應(yīng)當(dāng)指出商品的問(wèn)題所在。事實(shí)辨析題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話，最有效的投訴方式是指出所購(gòu)商品的具體問(wèn)題，故選項(xiàng)A正確。
3. D
文章表明：消費(fèi)者最后的處理方向就是向消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)組織求助。事實(shí)辨析題。文章最后一段指出，顧客購(gòu)買(mǎi)了有瑕疵的商品后，可以向銷(xiāo)售者或生產(chǎn)者投訴，如得不到滿意答復(fù)，可以進(jìn)一步向消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)組織反映。故選項(xiàng)D正確。
4. A
達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。詞匯題。文中“does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims”中的live up to意為“沒(méi)有達(dá)到??的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。故選項(xiàng)A正確。
5. B
文章告訴我們?cè)鯓訉?duì)有瑕疵的商品進(jìn)行有效投訴。主旨題。本文主要說(shuō)明顧客在購(gòu)買(mǎi)了有瑕疵的商品后如何進(jìn)行最有效的投訴，故選項(xiàng)B正確。
練習(xí)題五
The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.
In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.
Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.
Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.
Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.
62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____
A) mass-killing.
B) disaster.
C) tragedy.
D) accident.
63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?
A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.
B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.
C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.
D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.
64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because _____.
A) autos have become most destructive to mankind
B) people usually pay little attention to law and morality
C) civilization brings much harm to people
D) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe
65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?
A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.
B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.
C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.
D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.
66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?
A) Careless bicycle-riders.
B) Mindless people walking in the street.
C) Irresponsible drivers.
D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.
參考答案：ACBBD
練習(xí)題六
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.
Animals fight; so do savages (野蠻人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.
A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.
B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.
C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.
D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.
58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries are ________.
A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilized
B) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.
C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.
D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.
59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that ________.
A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.
B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.
C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.
D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.
60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.
A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.
B) our age is not much better than those of the past.
C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.
D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.
61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.
A) War and World Peace
B) Creators of Civilization
C) Civilization and History
D) Who Should Be Remembered
參考答案：BDABC
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