教育碩士英語虛擬語氣詳解

教育碩士英語虛擬語氣詳解

　　1) 語氣：

　　陳述，疑問，祈使，虛擬

　　2) 虛擬語氣：表示一種純然假想的情況或主觀愿望，動詞需要用一種特殊形式。

　　形式分為三類：現在虛擬語氣(動詞用原形)，過去虛擬語氣(動詞用過去式，但動詞be要用were)，過去完成形式(動詞用過去完成時)。有些情態動詞，如should, would, might常用在虛擬語氣中。

　　3) 虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法：

　　虛擬條件句：就是包含條件從句的句子。

　　條件句分為：

　　真實條件句——有些條件句是可能實現的。

　　虛擬條件句——有些條件句是純假象的句子。

　　If we leave now, we can still catch the train.

　　If I had enough money, I would buy a computer.

　　If you are waiting for a bus you’d better join the queue.

　　4) 表示現在和將來情況的虛擬條件句：

　�、疟硎粳F在或將來的虛擬條件句——從句中的謂語(用過去式形式);主句謂語(would+動詞原形)

　　If I had a map I would lend it to you.

　　If you left your bike outside, someone would steal it.

　　If I were you I’d plant some trees round the house.

　　注：If I were you句中，were不能改成was,但在第三人稱單數后用was也可以。如：

　　If Helen were(was) here how nice it would be!

　　⑵主句謂語有時也可以由might, could構成。

　　If I could type, I might save a lot of time.

　　If he had a permit he could get a job.

　�、窃跅l件句從句中有時還可以用were to +動詞，或should+動詞。

　　If he were (was) to resign, who would take his place?

　　If I should be free tomorrow, I will come to see you.

　�、仍谀承�條件從句中(如were to +動詞，should+動詞)，if有時可以省略，這時語序要改為倒裝。

　　Were I Tom, I would refuse.

　　Were I in your shoes I would let him know what I thought of him.

　　Should she be interested, I’ll phone her.

　�、蓮木溆袝r可以用If it were not for這種句型，表示“若不是”。

　　If it were not for your help, we would be in serious trouble.

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