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2016年商務(wù)英語BEC中級考試閱讀資料
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閱讀資料一
昨日公布的一項調(diào)查顯示，盡管去年英國初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的融資額增長了27%，達(dá)到約14億英鎊，但中國仍取代英國，成為世界第二大風(fēng)險投資目的國。
China overtook the UK as the world's second-biggest destination for venture capital investments last year, in spite of a 27 per cent rise in British early-stage company funding to about ￡1.4bn, a survey revealed yesterday.
總部位于劍橋的創(chuàng)業(yè)研究中心Library House表示，如果印度的風(fēng)險資本投資延續(xù)2006年90%的增速，到2009年，印度的排名也將超過英國。
Library House, the Cambridge-based entrepreneurship research centre, said India was also due to overtake the UK by 2009 if Indian venture capital investments continued to grow at the 90 per cent rate seen in 2006.
這項調(diào)查是由瑞銀財富管理(UBS Wealth Management)委托進(jìn)行的。調(diào)查預(yù)計，英國今年的風(fēng)險資本投資可能降至10億至12億英鎊，相當(dāng)于2003年的水平。
The report, commissioned by UBS Wealth Management, forecast that UK venture capital could decline to ￡1bn-￡1.2bn this year, equivalent to 2003 levels.
培育創(chuàng)業(yè)文化一直是“新工黨(New Labour)”的宏偉藍(lán)圖之一，但此項調(diào)查將引發(fā)人們擔(dān)憂英國的創(chuàng)業(yè)活動不僅落后于美國，還落后于以更快速度增長的亞洲經(jīng)濟體。
Fostering an entrepreneurial culture has been one of New Labour's main ambitions and the report will raise concerns that the country is falling behind not only the US but also faster growing Asian economies.
調(diào)查報告指出，中國和印度的崛起分流了英國初創(chuàng)企業(yè)的資金。這與英國風(fēng)險投資家所謂該領(lǐng)域正在強勁復(fù)蘇的說法大相徑庭。
By arguing that funding for British start-up companies is being cannibalised by the rise of China and India, the report clashes with claims from British venture capitalists that their sector is recovering strongly.
英國領(lǐng)先風(fēng)險投資公司DFJ Esprit的首席執(zhí)行官西蒙?庫克(Simon Cook)表示：“風(fēng)險資本已走向全球。美國資金向印度和中國進(jìn)行了大量投資，我預(yù)計歐洲資金
Simon Cook, chief executive of DFJ Esprit, a leading UK-based venture capitalist, said: "Venture capital has gone global. There has been a lot of capital invested in India and China by US funds and I expect that to come to Europe next year."
近年來，大規(guī)模杠桿收購基金的快速興起令風(fēng)險資本相形見絀。英國風(fēng)險投資家在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泡沫破裂后遭受嚴(yán)重虧損，他們一直未能擺脫人們的這種觀念：他們的回報比大型杠桿收購基金低。
Venture capital has been overshadowed in recent years by the rapid rise of big leveraged buy-out funds. Haunted by losses suffered after the bursting of the dotcom bubble, venture capitalists in Britain have struggled to escape the idea they make lower returns than their bigger LBO cousins.
Library House高級分析師羅杰?弗蘭克林(Roger Franklin)表示，從今年上半年的風(fēng)險資本投資水平推斷，英國2007年的風(fēng)險資本投資可能會減少10%至20%。這可能直接源自中國和印度風(fēng)險投資活動的快速增長。中國去年的風(fēng)險資本投資增長了50%至60%。
Roger Franklin, senior analyst at Library House, said extrapolations from venture capital investment levels in the first half of 2007 suggested the UK was on track to see a decline of 10 to 20 per cent this year. This could be a direct result of the rapid growth in Chinese and Indian venture capitalist activity. Chinese VC investments rose by 50 to 60 per cent last year.
弗蘭克林表示：“中國和印度的增長水平如此之高，可能會從更成熟的市場吸引部分資金。特別是美國的風(fēng)險投資，也許已經(jīng)將資金從歐洲轉(zhuǎn)向了亞洲。”
閱讀資料二
中國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)管機構(gòu)昨日表示，隨著各銀行擴大產(chǎn)品種類，2007年最后一個季度中國個人理財產(chǎn)品銷售額大幅飆升。
Sales of individual wealth management products in China shot up in the last quarter of 2007 as banks expanded their product offerings, the banking regulator said yesterday.
截至9月底，60家銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)推出了個人理財服務(wù)，如共同基金、保險產(chǎn)品和離岸投資產(chǎn)品。
By the end of September there were 60 banking institutions in China offering individual wealth management services such as mutual funds, insurance products and offshore investments.
2007年前三個季度，各銀行此類產(chǎn)品銷售總額為6000億元人民幣(合820億美元)。
Together China’s banks sold Rmb600bn ($82bn) worth of such products in the first three quarters of 2007.
但中國銀監(jiān)會(CBRC)表示，預(yù)計2007年全年銷售總量將達(dá)1萬億元人民幣，原因是有更多的理財產(chǎn)品面世，同時客戶將資金從生息的定期存款中轉(zhuǎn)出。
But the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) said it expected that figure had jumped to Rmb1,000bn by the end of the year as more products BECame available and customers shifted money out of interest-bearing time deposits.
2007年11月份，中國通貨膨脹率創(chuàng)下6.9%的11年高點，而一年期存款利率僅為4.14%，中國投資者面臨著實際利率為負(fù)的局面，他們一直在尋求銀行存款的替代品。
With inflation hitting an 11-year high of 6.9 per cent in November and the one-year deposit rate at only 4.14 per cent, Chinese investors are faced with negative real interest rates and have been looking for alternatives to bank deposits.
中國國內(nèi)銀行傳統(tǒng)上依賴存貸款利差，目前政府正鼓勵它們進(jìn)行多樣化調(diào)整。中國存貸款利率由央行制定，以確保國有銀行能夠盈利。
The government is actively encouraging Chinese banks to diversify from their traditional reliance on the spread between deposit and loan interest rates, which are set by the central bank to ensure profitability at the state-owned lenders.
去年6月份，銀監(jiān)會為大中型國有銀行制定了目標(biāo)，力爭在未來5年至10年，中間收入在總收入中所占比重從目前的17 %左右升至40%-50%。
In June last year the CBRC set a target for large and medium-sized state-owned banks to increase their fee-based income from about 17 per cent of their total now to 40-50 per cent within the next five to 10 years.
多數(shù)全球規(guī)模最大的銀行都在中國設(shè)立了業(yè)務(wù)，而去年，包括渣打銀行(Standard Chartered)、瑞銀(UBS)和匯豐(HSBC)在內(nèi)的許多銀行，已開始為擁有100萬美元以上的客戶提供私人銀行服務(wù)。
Most of the world’s largest banks have set up operations in China and many, including Standard Chartered, UBS and HSBC, began offering private banking services available to clients with $1m or more to invest, last year.
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)昨日宣布，已在北京注冊理財業(yè)務(wù)，從而可以提供包括人民幣存款和貸款在內(nèi)的更多服務(wù)。
Deutsche Bank yesterday announced it had incorporated locally in Beijing, allowing it to offer more services, including renminbi deposit and lending services.
中國銀監(jiān)會昨日警告稱，伴隨著理財服務(wù)的增長，瞄準(zhǔn)無知個人的欺詐案件數(shù)量也有所上升，此類案件的社會影響惡劣。
The CBRC warned yesterday that the growth in wealth management services had been accompanied。
閱讀資料三
Owning a cat can reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes by more than a third, researchers have found.
Scientists said that having a cat helped to relieve stress and anxiety, which is known to help protect against heart disease by lowering blood pressure and reducing the heart rate.
The 10-year study looked at 4,435 adults aged between 30 and 75, about half of whom owned a cat.
The findings, presented at a stroke conference in America, showed that 3.4 per cent of the cat owners died from a heart attack over 10 years. Among the group who had never owned a cat the rate was 5.8 per cent.
Cat owners still had a much reduced chance of developing strokes or heart attacks when researchers took account of other factors known to trigger heart disease, including high cholesterol levels, smoking and diabetes.
Prof Adnan Qureshi, from the Minnesota University, who carried out the study, said he was surprised by the strength of the effect that owning a cat appeared to have.
"The logical explanation may be that cat ownership relieves stress and anxiety and subsequently reduces the risk of heart disease."
He believes one reason could be that stroking the pet could cut the level of stress-related hormones in the blood. Reducing stress is known to help protect against heart disease by lowering blood pressure and reducing the heart rate.
But Prof Qureshi added that the type of person who owned a cat was usually already fairly stress-free and at low risk of heart disease.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，養(yǎng)貓能使患心臟病和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險降低三分之一以上。
科研人員稱，養(yǎng)貓有助于緩解壓力、減輕焦慮，而減輕壓力可以降低血壓和心律，因此有助于預(yù)防心臟病。
研究人員對4435名年齡在30歲至75歲之間的成年人進(jìn)行了為期十年的調(diào)查，其中有一半的人養(yǎng)貓。
研究結(jié)果顯示，在這十年中，僅有3.4%的養(yǎng)貓人士死于心臟病，而從未養(yǎng)過貓的人死于心臟病的比例為5.8%。該結(jié)果在美國召開的一個中風(fēng)研討會上公布。
研究人員還綜合考慮了高膽固醇、吸煙和糖尿病等可能引發(fā)心臟病的其它一些因素，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，養(yǎng)貓人士患中風(fēng)或心臟病的幾率還是要小很多。
開展該研究的明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)教授阿德南?庫勒什說，他很驚訝養(yǎng)貓有這么大的好處。
“合理的解釋應(yīng)該是，養(yǎng)貓能夠緩解壓力和焦慮，從而降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險。”
他認(rèn)為其中一個原因是，愛撫小貓能夠降低血液中的應(yīng)激激素水平。而減輕壓力則能夠降低血壓和心率，從而有助于預(yù)防心臟病。
但庫勒什教授說，喜歡養(yǎng)貓的人往往自身就沒什么壓力，患心臟病的幾率也較小。
閱讀資料四
貝爾斯登(Bear Stearns)與中國最大券商中信證券(Citic Securities)正在就去年達(dá)成的股份互換協(xié)議重新展開談判，以更好地反映協(xié)議達(dá)成后雙方股價的下跌。
Bear Stearns and Citic Securities, China’s largest securities firm, are renegotiating the share swap agreement they reached last year to better reflect a subsequent fall in their stock prices.
一位知情人士稱，兩家公司的高管正在討論一項“對等調(diào)整”，這將增加雙方最終持有的對方股份。
Senior executives from both firms are discussing a “reciprocal adjustment” that would increase the amount they eventually hold in each other, according to a person familiar with the matter.
根據(jù)去年10月達(dá)成的交易條款，中信證券同意支付10億美元購入最終將轉(zhuǎn)換為貝爾斯登約6%股份的證券，而美國投行貝爾斯登最終將支付同等金額，購得中信證券約2%股份。
Under the terms of the deal struck last October, Citic agreed to pay $1bn for securities that would convert to about 6 per cent of Bear Stearns and the US investment bank would eventually pay the same amount for about 2 per cent of Citic.
這宗交易仍需獲得中國監(jiān)管機構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)，若交易成功，作為中國國務(wù)院控制的中國中信集團(Citic Group)旗下證券交易子公司的中信證券將成為貝爾斯登的最大單一股東。
The deal still needs regulatory approval in China, but if successful, Citic Securities, the brokerage arm of China Citic Group, which is controlled by China’s cabinet, would BECome the biggest single shareholder of the US investment bank.
由外國投資者持有一家美國銀行如此大規(guī)模的股份，可能會在美國引發(fā)批評。美國某些議員已對亞洲和中東主權(quán)財富基金的直接投資感到不安。
Such a large stake by a foreign investor in a US bank could attract criticism in the US, where some lawmakers have been unnerved by direct investments by sovereign wealth funds from Asia and the Middle East.
美國聯(lián)合經(jīng)濟委員會(Joint Economic Committee)主席、參議員查爾斯?舒默(Charles Schumer)本周暗示，可能會推動對此類投資實行更嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管。
Senator Charles Schumer, chairman of the joint economic committee, this week signalled a possible push for greater regulation of such investments.
根據(jù)中國官方新華社的報道，中信證券在貝爾斯登的持股比例可能增至9.9%，而貝爾斯登所持中信證券的股份最終可能增至7.5%。
Citic’s stake is likely to be increased to 9.9 per cent of Bear Stearns. The US investment bank’s stake in Citic could eventually be lifted to as much as 7.5 per cent, according to a report from China’s official Xinhua news agency.
10億美元的投資規(guī)模將保持不變，只是仍需得到中國監(jiān)管機構(gòu)的批準(zhǔn)。
The $1bn investment scale will remain the same, subject to approval from Chinese regulators.
自去年10月達(dá)成交易以來，貝爾斯登的股價已從當(dāng)時的大約120美元跌至約80美元。中信證券的股價已下滑40%，至大約71元人民幣。
Bear’s shares have fallen from about $120 when the deal was signed in October to about $80 now. Citic’s shares have dropped 40 per cent to about Rmb71.
據(jù)知情人士介紹，去年11月，在貝爾斯登股價出現(xiàn)驟跌后，中信證券首先提出重新討論它將在這家美國投行持有的股份。
Citic first broached the subject of renegotiating the stake it would take in Bear last November following a precipitous drop in the US bank’s shares, according to people familiar with the matter.
中信一位發(fā)言人表示，他不知道有任何談判正在進(jìn)行。記者無法聯(lián)系上貝爾斯登駐日本的一位發(fā)言人置評。
A Citic spokesman said he had no knowledge of any ongoing negotiations and a Bear spokeswoman in Japan could not be reached for comment.
一名了解談判情況的人士稱，雙方增持對方股份是“合理的”，反映了雙方股價的下跌。 For the two sides to take larger shares in each other was “reasonable” and reflected their lower share prices, according to one person close to the negotiations.
另一位知情人士則持更為懷疑的態(tài)度。他表示：“這些都是猜測，是我們的競爭引起監(jiān)管機構(gòu)擔(dān)憂造成的。雙方的股價都下跌了，但這并不意味著需要重新談判，除非這么做符合雙方股東的利益。”
Another source familiar with the matter was more sceptical, saying: “It is all speculation driven by our competition which is causing the regulators to become concerned. The prices on both sides have come down but that doesn’t mean that the deal will be renegotiated unless it is in the interest of shareholders on both sides.”
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